Recent advances in immunotherapy have transformed cancer treatment, particularly through the development of bispecific antibodies and T-cell engagers (TCEs) targeting antigens such as CD3 and DLL3. These therapies, currently administered primarily within the clinical trial setting, offer new hope to patients with aggressive tumors and limited treatment options, such as high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas or certain resistant and aggressive solid tumors.

However, their mechanism of action—based on redirected T-cell activation—can lead to novel immune-mediated toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), which require early detection and appropriate management to ensure patient safety.

The aim of this study is to identify the most incident AEs in patients treated with bispecific antibodies (CD3/DLL3) and T-cell engagers in order to improve nurses' knowledge of this emerging therapy and facilitate the early detection and management of these events.

A literature review was conducted in this study. The research was carried out using different databases. After applying the PRISMA methodology and discarding preclinical-phase studies, the sample was 38.

The most incident and common adverse events during treatment with these emergent drugs were obtained, as well the degree of each of them. How these events are handled was reviewed in the literature, but it was hardly described, evidencing the need for further research.

These drugs, with new therapeutic targets, represent a new opportunity for this type of patient with a poor prognosis, requiring the development of a good safety profile.

Within this evolving therapeutic landscape, specialized nursing care is essential. Nurses are responsible for continuous clinical monitoring, recognizing the early signs of toxicity, and implementing timely interventions. Promoting continuous education and nursing-led research will be key to improving patient outcomes and developing evidence-based practices tailored to these new treatments.