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Impact of Artificial Ripening Agents (Paracetamol and Calcium carbide) on Heavy Metals Compositions of Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) Fruit
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1  Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, zip code +234, Imo State, Nigeria.
Academic Editor: Young-Cheol Chang

Abstract:

This work assessed the impact of artificial ripening agents (Paracetamol and Calcium carbide) on the heavy metals compositions of French type plantain. Heavy metals composition of ripen plantain were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The plantain samples were washed with clean water, air dried and divided into three portions for each ripening condition. The first portion ( three fingers) were left to ripen naturally under room temperature (27-30℃).The second portion was sprinkled with 5 grams of calcium carbide in 20 ml of deionzed water to induce ripening inside a plastic bag .The third portion was treated with a tablet of May and Baker (M and B) brand of paracetamol (Acetaminophen) as ripening agent. One tablet of 500 mg was dissolved in 20 ml of deionzed water and rubbed per finger of plantain based on preliminary studies. It stayed fourteen days for the natural ripen plantain to fully ripen, seven days for paracetamol samples to ripen and five days for the calcium carbide samples to ripen. Plantains ripen with paracetamol revealed the presence of heavy metals. The values were (3.97 mg/kg) for Lead, 1.87 mg/kg) for Arsenic and (1.04 mg/kg) for Cadmium respectively and were higher than maximum permissible level of 0.3 mg/kg for Lead (Pb), 0.003 mg/kg for Arsenic and 0.02 mg/kg for Cadmium recommended by FAO/WHO standard. A similar trend was observed with calcium carbide as ripening agent. The heavy metals were not detected in the natural ripen plantain. In conclusion, the use of paracetamol and calcium carbide as artificial ripening agents contaminated the fruits and constitute a health hazard to consumers due to the presence of Arsenic a known carcinogen and Lead (Pb) which can cause Lead poisoning. Thus there is need to ban the use of these chemical ripening agents in fruits.

Keywords: Artificial, Ripening, Metals, Health

 
 
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