The fourth-century Christian Church experienced substantial inner and outer conflict. The Edicts of Toleration promulgated by Emperor Constantine changed the fortune of the Christian community from having little power, prestige, and privilege due to state-sponsored persecution to becoming the state Church at the center of temporal and economic power. In no short order, the Christian community fell prey to leadership corruption and ethical breaches. This state of moral and spiritual anomie brought forth a spiritual renewal movement in the Church, the Desert Fathers and Mothers Revival. Thousands of Christians, desiring to imitate the temptation of Christ in the wilderness, were driven by the Holy Spirit to the deserts of Egypt and Israel to confront their sins and to be renewed by the Spirit of God. The Desert Fathers of the fourth century developed an ethical diagnostic tool to facilitate moral and ethical renewal, a list of seven deadly sins. The writings of these Fathers and Mothers, the Philokalia, not only describe these sins but also provide clear guidance on combating these vices. This presentation explores the teachings on the seven deadly sins in the Philokalia as they relate to the ethical formation of leaders and what promise these ancient Biblical and theological truths hold for contemporary moral and ethical leadership.