Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana function as natural enemies that control various insect pests through their entomopathogenic properties. The biological control method based on these fungi provides an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides. The success of these fungi depends on multiple stages that make up their infection process. The infection process starts with spore attachment to the cuticle, followed by penetration and successful evasion of the host immune system. The scientific community needs to understand both molecular and ecological aspects of these fungi to enhance their performance in different environmental settings. This research compiles current knowledge about entomopathogenic fungi from 2015 to 2025 regarding their biological characteristics and practical applications. Research into genomic and transcriptomic data has discovered multiple virulence-related genes and stress-tolerant antioxidant metabolites that help fungi adapt to their hosts. Research conducted in controlled environments and outdoor fields demonstrates that these fungi perform better when scientists use enhanced formulations, resistant plant strains, and beneficial microbial associations in the soil and plant tissues. The combination of molecular research with ecological methods will enhance the potential of entomopathogenic fungi for future pest control methods. Biological control will become a reliable and sustainable agricultural tool when scientists develop new formulation methods and study how plants and fungi interact with each other and how they work together for better results.