Introduction: Grounded in a family systems perspective, family functioning is considered a key determinant of adolescents’ psychological well-being during this critical developmental stage. However, empirical evidence based on adolescents’ own perceptions remains limited in primary health care settings. This study aimed to examine the association between perceived family functionality and psychological well-being among early adolescents.

Methods: A quantitative, descriptive–correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a Family Health Unit in northern Portugal using convenience sampling. The sample comprised 48 adolescents aged 11 to 13 years. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire including sociodemographic variables, the Smilkstein Family APGAR, and the reduced version of the Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (QGBEP-R). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed to explore associations between variables.

Results: Most participants perceived their families as highly functional (77.1%), and psychological well-being scores were above the midpoint of the scale (mean = 20.3). Adolescents whose parents lived together and younger participants reported significantly higher perceived family functionality and psychological well-being. A positive and statistically significant association was identified between family functionality and psychological well-being.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that adolescents’ perceptions of family functionality are positively associated with their psychological well-being. Although the small convenience sample limits generalizability, the results provide preliminary evidence supporting the relevance of assessing family dynamics from the adolescent’s perspective and may inform family-centered nursing interventions in primary care settings.