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Integrated hydrological modelling over upstream catchments of Himalayan rivers and assessment of extreme hydrological events
* 1 , 2 , 1 , 3
1  JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOW, CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TAMILNADU
2  Scientist SD
3  PROFESSOR, CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF TAMILNADU

Abstract:

Flash floods in the Himalayan region resulted in hundreds of death and causes sudden hazard in a minimum period of time. Himalayan rivers mostly flooded due to large amount of precipitation and resulting in the melting of snow on the mountains which causes floods. The high intensify rainfall over a long time, combined with runoff and finally causing high floods over the downstream channels. Most of the cloud burst events occurred in the Indian Himalayas with sudden heavy deluge of precipitation in a short time interval over a small region. The present paper contributes two catchments in Uttarakhand region namely Tehri dam and Srinagar, to map the flood prone areas which are more vulnerable and uses SAC Hydro Simulated discharged data combined with morphometric parameters for assessing extreme weather events. The data were analysed by both hydrological and geographical information techniques for basin delineation, stream ordering and digital elevation model. The developing methodology of “Analytical Hierarchy Process” integrated into a Geographical Information system in order to produce a flood vulnerable map. By using these data, the model uses seven parameters namely discharge, rainfall, slope, drainage density, geology, relief ratio and stream frequency. Priority weights were assigned to each criterion based on Saaty’s nine point scale of preference and weights were normalized through AHP. By using these techniques, flood vulnerable regions are mapped along the rivers of Bhagirathi and Alaknanda causes extensive damages at the local towns surrounded by these catchments. Along with these results, Sentinel 1A data used to analyze the flooded and non-flooded region of these catchments.

Keywords: Flash floods;Catchments; Vulnerable; AHP
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