Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequent tumour in men in Spain and the second worldwide. The activation of the cytosolic androgen receptor (AR) by the androgenic signalling pathway is essential for carcinogenesis and tumour development. The importance of that pathway makes it the main target of treatments against PC, among which androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) stands out.

The heterogeneity of the response against the same treatment shows the importance of the search for molecular biomarkers which enable the prediction of the response to the therapy in each case. This work focuses on the characterization of the response to treatment in several patients of PC through the analysis of different genetic variants [rs10877012 (CYP27B1); rs3768490 (GSTM5); rs1004446 (IGF2)]. Thereby, candidate genetic positions involved in pathways implicated in the development of resistance against ADT were selected. The search of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was carried out to establish a possible connection between the genotype of each patient and the response to treatment.

The statistical analysis revealed a certain tendency to resistance in A/G carriers in rs1004446 (IGF2), although a relationship with statistical significance was not confirmed. Furthermore, a significant statistical relation between aggressive phenotypes was confirmed in SNP rs10877012 (CYP27B1, p=0.013). These results open up a wide range of possibilities for the future.