Nanogels are a novel class of three-dimensional cross-linked polymers able to retain high amounts of water in their network structure, with large potential applications in nanomedicine. In our study, the polymer matrix selected was chitosan, as this polysaccharide biopolymer composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine residues exhibit great biocompatibility and low toxicity. The preparation was performed by ionic gelation in the presence of hyaluronic acid and sodium tripolyphosphate, having rhodamine or fluorescein isothiocyanate molecules grafted on chitosan backbone. In order to validate the possible usage of these chitosan-fluorophores conjugates for fluorescence imaging purposes in cancer diagnostics and therapy, their biological effect was assessed on SVEC4-10 cells (a simian virus 40-transformed mouse microvascular endothelial cell line). Cell viability, membrane integrity and nanogels uptake were examined following the exposure for 6 and 24 hours at concentrations up to 120 µg/mL. A good biocompatibility was obtained after both time intervals of incubation with nanogels, as no increase in cell death or membrane damage being noticed compared to control. By examination on confocal laser scanning microscopy, the both types of fluorescent nanogels agglomerated on the surface of cell membrane, their cellular internalization being observed only for few cells, preferentially at the cell periphery. In conclusion, based on the biocompatibility of the nanogels, these can further incorporate gadolinium for an improved magnetic resonance Imaging effect in nanomedicine.

Acknowledgments This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, CCCDI - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P3-3.1-PM-RO-FR-2019-0204 / 6 BM/ 2019, within PNCDI III.