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Biogeographic Distribution of Cedrela spp. Genus in Peru Using MaxEnt Modeling: A Conservation Approach †
* 1, 2 , * 3 , * 4
1  Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES) de la, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
2  Department for Innovation in Biological, Agri-Food and Forest Systems, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, via san Camillo de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
3  Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas
4  Poznan University of Life Sciences

Abstract:

Expansion of croplands and livestock activities over the time have been considered as major driver for deforestration in Peru. Such severe deforestration activities significantly reduced the number of timber species particularly the genus Cedrela spp. that have high economic and ecological value in current time. Recently Cedrela spp. has been incorporated (28 August 2020) into appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), a group of species that could be in danger in near-future. Considering this value, we modelled the biogeographic distribution of 10 species of the genus Cedrela (i.e., C. odorata, C. montana, C. fissilis, C. longipetiolulata, C. angustifolia, C. nebulosa, C. kuelapensis, C. Saltensis, C. weberbaueri and C. molinensis) with the objective to identify if the area legally protected by Protected Natural Areas (PNA), and prioritizing research and conservation/restoration areas of this particular genus. In this regard, 33 different environmental variables were used (19 bioclimatic variables, 3 topographic, 9 edaphic, solar radiation and relative humidity) throughout Peruvian Amazon using a maximum entropy model (MaxEnt). It was observed that 6.67% (86,235.24 km2) of the Peruvian territory presents a high probability of distribution of the evaluated species and whereas the PNA protects only 4.42% (8363.09 km2) of the territory that covers genus Cedrela. Furthermore, we have identified that 11.65% (21,345.16 km2) of the area have highly prone to degradation for genus Cedrela that needs urgent attention for protection and restoration. We believe that this study will contribute as a tool for the processes of conservation of threatened species, conservation of biodiversity, management and sustainable use of forest resources.

Keywords: Cedrela; MaxEnt; conservation; Peru; amazon
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