The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions necessitates advanced optimization techniques in wind energy systems, where meta-heuristic algorithms like Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have shown considerable promise. This paper proposes the novel integration of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) within an inquiry-based learning framework to improve critical thinking and problem-solving abilities in physics education. Targeting undergraduate physics students at Nakhon Phanom University, Thailand, the research focuses on applying ACO to optimize wind turbine configurations, thereby simulating complex, real-world challenges in wind energy management. The effectiveness of this pedagogical approach was assessed through pre- and post-tests, evaluating students' critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and scientific attitudes. The findings reveal significant improvements in both academic performance and student engagement, underscoring the value of incorporating ACO into STEM education. This study offers important implications for enhancing physics curricula through the integration of advanced optimization techniques, equipping students with the skills necessary for future roles in the renewable energy sector.

This paper introduces a refined fault detection and analysis model for 126 MVA synchronous generators interfaced with 16kV and 230kV transmission lines, developed in Matlab Simulink. The model simulates various fault scenarios, including short-circuit and unbalanced load faults, aiming to improve fault detection accuracy through an optimized algorithm. By integrating wavelet transform for precise signal decomposition and fuzzy logic for intelligent decision-making, the algorithm enhances the capability to detect and classify faults in real-time. The improvements in signal processing allow for faster identification and localization of faults, while the fuzzy logic system provides more reliable classification, reducing false positives. This advanced algorithm demonstrates significant improvements in the protection control of synchronous generators, offering robust, timely, and accurate fault detection. The results suggest the algorithm’s potential for deployment in modern power systems, where reliable fault detection is critical for ensuring stability and efficiency.

This paper presents an advanced forecasting model designed to predict carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in Thailand's electricity generation sector. By integrating a multivariate gray model with the fminsearch optimization algorithm in Matlab, the study addresses the critical challenge of accurately forecasting emissions, a major contributor to climate change. The model incorporates historical data on CO₂ emissions, gross domestic product (GDP), peak electricity demand, and electricity user numbers to enhance predictive accuracy. A comparative analysis between the conventional multivariate gray model and the optimized version reveals a significant improvement in forecasting precision. The optimized model achieves Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values of 7.74% for the training set and 1.75% for the testing set, underscoring its effectiveness. This approach offers a robust tool for policymakers and stakeholders in Thailand’s energy sector, providing actionable insights to support more informed decision-making in managing and reducing CO₂ emissions.

The advantages of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH), such as localized power deposition and high coupling efficiency, have led to its widespread application in magnetic confinement fusion devices. To enhance the plasma parameters and expand the operational range of the Joint-TEXT (J-TEXT) tokamak, the development of an ECRH system was initiated in 2017. The first stage involved testing a gyrotron operating at 105 GHz with an output power of 500 kW for 1 s in 2019. Subsequently, another gyrotron with identical specifications completed its commissioning tests in 2022. As the core component of the ECRH system, each gyrotron is equipped with various subsystems to ensure safe and stable operation. Two high voltage power supplies which are the cathode power supply and anode power supply provide high voltage for establishing an accelerating electric field inside the gyrotron. Additionally, a magnet power supply is needed to charge the superconducting magnet. During the commissioning process of each gyrotron, the magnet cooling and alignment, MOU alignment, and gyrotron operation were successfully completed. The commissioning tests have demonstrated high power and long pulse output. Since 2019, the ECRH system has been utilized in J-TEXT physical experiments, which not only expanded the parameter range of J-TEXT, but also promoted the ECRH and ECCD related research.

As Moore's Law approaches its end and the Von Neumann architecture faces bottlenecks such as the "memory wall" and "power wall," the existing computational power is increasingly unable to meet the demands of the AI era. This necessitates a revolutionary shift in our current computing paradigms to overcome these challenges. However, traditional devices fall short of the stringent performance requirements posed by these new architectures. Therefore, we must explore novel device concepts that are better suited to emerging computational frameworks. In this talk, I will present three high-performance devices that hold promise for next-generation computing: ferroelectric tunnel junctions based on semimetal contacts that offer compatibility with silicon processes and high on/off ratios, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) with 2048 resistance states, and interface charge transfer transistors based on graphene/MoS₂ heterostructure designed for reconfigurable computing.

Quantum communications is not only considered as the utimate solution to secure communication but also the foundation of distributed quantum computing, which promises solutions to some problems that could not be previously approached. Since quantum communications is at its infancy stage, there are not enough communication protocols to efficiently network plenty of quantum computers and support efficient and reliable quantum data transmission. In this talk, we will first present some basic knowledge for quantum communicatioms and then discuss the key ingredients in designing quantum communication protocols. After that, we will introduce some of our recent works on quantum communication protocols in routing layer and above. At last, we will discuss the opportunities and challenges in designing communication protocols for quantum data networks.

Electronic radiation sources can be divided into vacuum electronic radiation sources and semiconductor radiation sources. As electronic radiation technologies advance toward higher frequencies, radiation power has become a bottleneck. The advantage of vacuum electronic devices lies in their ability to achieve high-efficiency, high-power output. However, to enhance radiation intensity in the terahertz band, optimization of the coupling effect between free electrons and micro/nano structures is crucial. A key to improving the efficiency of these devices is to better utilize micro/nano structures to strengthen the interaction between electrons and electromagnetic waves. Semiconductor radiation sources, particularly those based on plasmonic wave instabilities (Dyakonov-Shur effect), provide an innovative method of generating terahertz radiation through the excitation of two-dimensional electron gas in semiconductor materials. This mechanism has potential for covering a broad frequency range within the terahertz spectrum. Furthermore, optimizing the design of semiconductor heterostructures to improve the efficiency of plasmon wave excitation and amplification is a vital technology. By combining research on interactions between free electrons and micro/nano structures with studies on the amplification effects of plasmonic wave excitation in two-dimensional electron gases, a novel design approach has emerged. Such coupling of multiple mechanisms promises the development of more efficient terahertz radiation sources, not only pushing the boundaries of radiation power but also enabling applications in integrated circuits.

Terahertz (THz) communication and sensing are important cutting-edge technologies for achieving ultra-high-speed wireless transmission and high-resolution sensing applications. Due to the problems of large propagation attenuation, low transmission power and high receiver noise in the THz band, exploiting sensitive low-temperature receiver frontends are expected to greatly improve the received signal-to-noise ratios and the operating distances of THz communication and sensing systems. Despite that low-temperature superconducting receiver technology can help to improve the sensitivity, its cryocooling system is very expensive and bulky, which would restrict its application in some practical scenarios of THz communication and sensing.

This talk presents our latest research achievement in advancing THz receiver frontends as well as their integrated systems in recent years, focusing on two types of high-sensitivity, lightweight and miniature cryogenic receiver frontend technologies, i.e., high-Tc superconducting (HTS) Josephson junction heterodyne receivers and cryogenic Schottky heterodyne receivers. Specific details including theoretical modeling, simulation designs and performance characterization are discussed for those two types of THz cryogenic receivers. Using the developed high-sensitivity, lightweight and miniature cryogenic receiver frontends, THz communication integration and system demonstration are also conducted for showing the superior capability. Finally, this talk will brief the prospect and significance of the cryogenic receiver frontends for THs sensing applications.

With the rapid growth in demand of high-performance functionality of integrated circuits for faster data speed, higher data capacity, low power consumption, the co-integration of electronics with photonic devices made from different materials are required to be achievable in a practical and scalable approach. The challenge is to combine functional components that are optimally fabricated on specific non-silicon substrates to silicon-photonic integrated circuit. As the further increased requirements for smaller area, lower power consumption, and higher bandwidth density, the single material and discrete integration method are hard to meet the demand. Heterogeneous integration is the most promising way to over the limit of materials, fabrication process and function integrity of the photonic-electronic integrated circuits to improve the performance in photonic, electronics and system level. Transfer printing is one of the disruptive techniques to achieve the wafer scale implementation of photonic-electronics integrated circuit. In our work, we demonstrate the heterogeneous integration process of III-V photodetectors on silicon photonic integrated circuits through transfer-printing. A single channel of integrated receiver reaches 42 GHz of 3 dB bandwidth at-2 V reverse bias, showing a polarization-independent responsivity up to 1 A/W.

In the context of increasingly strained global energy resources, the rational use of energy has become essential for sustainable development. Technological advancements have driven the demand for efficient and flexible sensors in the fields of human-machine interaction and environmental monitoring. However, traditional sensors face several challenges regarding adaptability and functionality, including insufficient flexibility, high power consumption, and limited capabilities, which restrict the performance of modern smart devices and environmental monitoring systems.

To address these issues, we have conducted a series of research studies and developed novel flexible self-powered sensors and electronic skin technologies. In the realm of tactile sensors, we designed multifunctional sensors that support Morse code input and physiological monitoring, and introduced a self-powered dual-mode coupled tactile sensor for effective gesture and material recognition. Additionally, we developed a series of wearable device such as a tri-modal pressure-sensing wearable device for electromyographic and electrocardiographic sensing, wearable sweat biosensor, and human motion monitoring sensor, demonstrating high sensitivity and real-time monitoring capabilities. These wearable devices play a significant role in personal health monitoring and also provide new opportunities for environmental monitoring. Furthermore, to tackle the funding requirements and coverage limitations of traditional earthquake monitoring, we designed an electrostatic sensing pendulum. These research outcomes offer viable solutions for human-machine interaction and environmental monitoring, thereby promoting the widespread application of smart devices. Looking ahead, we believe that flexible self-powered sensors and electronic skin technologies will achieve broader applications across multiple fields.