Disasters are becoming increasingly common and complex, not just because of their causes, normally a complex combination of natural, social and cultural factors, but also because of the quantity and diversity of players and strategies that must be involved and coordinated in order to cope with them. To this must be added the diversity of reactions and behaviours by the populations affected by the disaster (driven by social class, age, gender, race, etc.) and the effect that disasters have on the culture(s) of the various groups affected. However, legal frameworks and emergency plans tend to homogenize the population and overlook the distinctive features of the various groups and individuals affected. This is particularly so in the case of children and young people. They are one of the most severely affected groups in a disaster situation and, in part, this is because their voice and agency are systematically ignored. This paper will provide arguments for a transformation in children’s roles in disaster, evidence for the effectiveness of their input into decision-making and some practical steps (a framework) to assist policy makers and practitioners create more participatory and child centred ways of working in disasters. Drawing on our work in the project CUIDAR: Cultures of Disaster Resilience Among Children and Young People, funded by the EU H2020 Secure Societies Programme, 2015 – 2018, we will show how such policy change benefits at risk communities as a whole.

Social resilience is defined as the ability of groups or communities to cope with external stresses and disturbances as a result of social, political and environmental change. Key determinants of social resilience are: livelihoods, i.e. human capital, participation, and social capital (social networks). As part of the social capital, linking capital is distinguished. It is defined as the relationship between individuals and government officials, leaders or human agents.

The author of this paper presents how regional and local agencies reacted to economic crisis and attempted to build social resilience in the context of labour market. The analysis is based on the results of a qualitative research for ESPON project entitled Economic Crisis: Resilience of Regions. Over 30 interviews with representatives of labour institutions, business chambers, NGOs, entrepreneurs, regional and local authorities were conducted.

The results show that the high adaptability and flexibility stem from the relatively high qualifications of population and flexible labour market. The common goals of human agents allowed to maintain jobs during the crisis and create new ones after it. Building consensus between business owners and employees and sharing risks turned out particularly important. The research demonstrates that reframe practice from taking care of companies' income to maintaining jobs was of great importance for the resilience. The paper presents also that enerepreneurial spirit, occupational mobility, self-reliance, flexibility and a lack of demanding attitude turned out significant and bridge social and human capital theory and practice.

Deltacities, especially in Southeast-Asia are increasingly challenged concerning the resilience of their water-infrastructure towards extremes of drought and/or flooding. These challenges have been tried to tackle by hydraulic engineering infrastructure (dams, walls, pumps, gates), leading to lock-in situations concerning upcoming challenges in several decades caused by continuing ground-subsidence and sea-level rise. The existence of dams and flood-walls lead to a felt safety, yet reduces resilience of the inhabitants to possible leakages, floodings and problems related to the safety-level that once has been applied to the built form of the infrastructure.

Yet, infrastructure, such as urban waterways, are multidimensional and multiscalar embedded into the urban fabric. Therefore the resilience of water-infrastructure needs to be reframed and combined with that of the urban form and of the inhabitants themselves to adress several SDGs. By analysing the built form adjacent to waterways in Bangkok, this approach tries to extract properties of urban morphology qualitatively. This will be done with GIS mapping tools, analysis of architectural components, (such as relative height of ground floor, adaptability of floorplans), expert interviews and a categorization of morphological properties, such as typology, topology, modularity, diversity and capacity. Applying properties of spatial resilience (like from GS Cumming) into the understanding of urban morphology leads to a matching in properties. In connection with the institutional and the regulatory framework and including the socio-spatial sphere of the inhabitants, the spatial resilience approach can reframe sectoral urban resilience strategies towards an intersectoral, multidimensional and multiscalar decision support tool for integrated amphibious urban design.

This tool would need to be adjusted in each location, but may help to basically overcome single perspectives.

Resilience is the new framing principle for cities tacking the development challenges on this century, facing population growth, climate change and environmental degradation. Many cities around the world are implementing through plans, projects or setting new units specialized on resilience in their municipalities for operationalizing the guidelines promoted by the most important global frameworks as the Sendai Framework or the UN New 2030 urban Agenda for Sustainable Development.
However, the challenge of tacking resilience through its effective implementation goes far beyond administrative boundaries of cities, highlighting the fallacies of some initiative while emphasizing the need of better re-framing how resilience is to be shaped through across scales collaborative institutional agreements.
METROPOLIS already explored the challenges of addressing the metropolitan scale of resilience during an international workshop held in Barcelona in November 2017.

This panel aims at further discuss the most relevant questions emerged through the workshop, as for instance:
- How the concept of resilience could help framing across scales agreement, minimizing the spatial trade-offs (one part of the city/region benefitting from another increased exposure to threats)?
- Which could be the funding mechanisms to ensure across sectors and boundaries collaborations?
- How public-private or public-public co-management agreements could foster inter-municipality cooperation in building resilience?
- How resilience could be adopted through strategic planning at the metropolitan levels? Is planning a proper tool for framing the enabling conditions for building resilience at the metropolitan level?

Current studies on urban economic resilience focus more on overall evaluation rather than specific economic sectors, thus lack effective directions on implementation. As for post-industrial cities, Industrial heritage tourism(IHT) is one effective strategy to make use of large amount of industrial heritage(IH) during social-economic transition. Tianjin, one of the most important cradle of Chinese modern industry, is also facing new challenges in the era of “New Norm”. The government is promoting IHT as one important increasing point of urban economy, and the potential of ITH makes great contribution to urban resilience of post-industrial cities. As tourism industry highly relied on spatial factors, in this paper, IHT in Tianjin are evaluated based on spatial analysis to examine to what extent IHT could contribute to urban resilience. To be specific, based on mode of tourism potential evaluation, two aspects are focused, namely, inner resources and outer support using GIS platform and polimetrics.

The former includes spatial patterns, cluster effect and spatial network. Firstly, the spatial patterns based on industrial types are explored through GIS platform using data of Tianjin IH Preservation Planning and that offered by the tourism sector. Secondly, the cluster effects are analyzed using NNI methods to identify the extent of IHT attractions affecting each other. Thirdly, the spatial network is analyzed to measure accessibility of each IHT attraction. The outer support evaluation mainly includes the policy intensity. These policies will be valuated according to their administrative level.

From the analysis above, the potential of IHT in Tianjin could be revealed. The results are also compared with Beijing and Shanghai which are more experienced on IHT development, to clarify the extent of IHT coordinating with urban planning and its contribution to urban resilience. The result could also be used to evaluate the current development problem.

Resilience became a must in many policy agenda, but still lacks clear guidelines for its implementation and a proper system of monitoring its performance. In relation to disaster resilience, there are many frameworks and metrics for assessing and measuring urban resilience, but some context dependent variables still discuss their usefulness and replicability.

This paper draws a set of indicators about social capacities and behaviours, mostly linked to the influence played by city structure and related to the context-dependent administration mechanisms. These factors enhance the understanding of which are the key determinants guiding the recovery of community life after a disaster. This set of factors are compared before and after the disaster happened in two central Italy selected case studies: the small urban centers of Fermo and Rieti

For each case-study we collected and to map urban density, population characteristics, , the number and type of the recent past disaster experiences, the social and physical networks, the number and type of common shared places and common goods among other community-related indicators.

This research results highlight that in central Italy cases the availability of economic resources for reconstruction for them self could not lead toward community sustainability and wellbeing. Monitoring the soft variables related to urban resilience and its implementation is key to better understand and describe policy performance. Furthermore, because of the context dependency of the soft variables, this paper contributes to the call for framing local, or regional, urban resilience observatories.

With the aim of supporting the implementation of the NUA agreed at Habitat III, the Network of Sustainable Urban Development for Latin America and the Caribbean, REDEUS_LAC, aimed at selecting, disseminating and, where possible, monitoring Sustainable Urban Design Interventions (IDUS, for its acronym in Spanish) in the LAC Region. Aware of the complexity of determining the sustainability of urban interventions of different scale and scope, an international group of fifteen members of REDEUS_LAC with different experience -academics from social areas, urban planners, architects, economists, together with professionals from public and private sector organizations- have devised a peer review and evaluation system.

The design of such a system involved discussing both the traditional definitions of the term 'sustainable development' as well as the ‘resilience’ perspective to urban space. The consensual decision was to consider four dimensions –socio cultural, environmental, governance and economic– which were subsequently operationalized in 17 attributes. A rubric was designed considering that each blind evaluator qualifies them by awarding points and stars by dimension. Thus, a digital IDUS platform with two or more stars is built. This also considers the possibility that, later, comments and opinions regarding the subsequent sustainability of the work will be added, enriching the state of the art and promoting open and informed debate to all the sectors involved in the construction of the city.

The proposed article describes the sustainability evaluation system: the data matrix to post IDUS on the platform, the rubric, and the categorizations/typologies of IDUS determined up to now. Finally, as an example, three cases are presented according to their scale and type with their respective evaluations: one 'local replicable’ IDUS, another 'city unique', and finally a 'metropolitan/regional strategy' IDUS implemented in LAC.

Urban growth place nowadays great pressures on the peri-urban area, where sprawl-induced processes limits the functioning of green infrastructures. In Timisoara the collapsing network of drainage channels surrounding the city could be renewed putting value of their ecosystem services, in order to un-lock the potential of these nature based solutions to increase city's resilience.

The Healing Grid Project, framed by the Timisoara Resilience Lab, reveals the opportunity of leveraging on the existing drainage network - in Timisoara’s Pole of Growth - to become the inception of a new green-blue healing grid, functioning as a system of interconnected ecological corridors. The Healing Grid would facilitate the access of fauna and flora in the urban tissue, create spaces for recreation and social interaction, stimulate green mobility in the region, allows climate change adaptation and increase the general urban comfort.

The purpose of The Healing Grid initiative is to advocate and capitalize on the role of ecological corridors through bottom-up awareness and top-down actions which will eventually lead to new legislative proposals. The initiative has a participative and multidisciplinary approach, thus facilitates the collaboration between diverse professionals (urban planners, IT specialists, landscape architects, biologists, engineers, geographers) and local actors (academics, institutions, city halls, NGOs, inhabitants).

The main goal of this contribution is to explore the role of the Masterplan project (MP) of Politecnico di Torino concerning the implementation of a resilient planning framework for a university campus. In a complex negotiation process involving different institutions inside and outside academia, as well as architects and urban designers, the MP took a major role on the technical, political and cultural level of the actual city transformation. This paper takes MP as a case study to reflect upon the importance of the spatialisation of data and problems to nurture and activate innovation in a resilient urban making process. Lessons from this case are drawn in the light of the current literature review of city resilience implementations, as well as of the evolving twofold role of university both as urban development protagonist and its relationship with the city. Many resilience drivers are indeed envisaged in the MP case study, which meets basic needs, supports livelihoods and employment, promotes cohesive and engaged communities, fosters economic prosperity, enhances and provides protective natural & man-made assets, provides reliable communication and educational activities, promotes leadership and effective management, empowers a broad range of stakeholders and fosters long-term and integrated planning. Recommendation concerning skills and methodologies for a new city-university relationship are drawn by the MP success case: deictic, resilient (adaptable), able to catalyse different cultural, political and architectonical views and connecting different level of transformation. Eventually, this contribution acknowledges the crucial role of a platform enabling top-down policies and bottom-up initiatives, that is still missing in the panorama of effective implementation strategies, paying the price of the vague discourses gap between theories and practices, moving away from the usual normative statements characteristic to the literature around urban resilience.

Increasingly regarded as climate governors cities are joining together in transnational city resilience networks which provide platforms for city-to-city learning. However, it is still unclear how useful these learning processes are in driving practices on the ground. In this presentation we present the results of a global survey addressing key networks and interviews to city representatives, exploring the mechanisms of the learning opportunities leveraged from city networks. While results reveal that under certain conditions these learning exchanges can lead to implementation, we raise the question around how pioneering cities could effectively transfer their examples to most of the smaller cities looking for policy support.