The 4th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences
Part of the International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences series
16–31 Jul 2021
Aerosols, Air Quality and Human Health, Climate Dynamics and Modeling, Climatology and Meteorology, Atmospheric Physics, Atmospheric Chemistry, Upper Atmosphere, Planetary Atmospheres
- Go to the Sessions
- Event Details
ECAS 2021 has been a success! Welcome to the new electronic conference EACS 2023.
Welcome from the Chair
Dear Colleagues,
You are cordially invited to participate in the 4th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences. In this meeting, we hope to build on the success of this conference series. We acknowledge that sharing our work face-to-face with our colleagues is preferred, but the continuing COVID-19 crisis has made this impossible. Technology is continuously improving the virtual experience and thus we will be taking advantage of the latest developments in order to create a quality online experience. Additionally, this will allow us to save for future conference budgets as well as increase our level of interaction. This online conference represents a new initiative that provides researchers of atmospheric science the opportunity to present their research and exchange ideas with their colleagues. Feedback from participants of the previous editions indicated that they were pleased with this format and would like to see the meeting grow.
For the 4th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences, the range of topics will be more general; however, we are open to subject areas of thematic importance. During the last few decades, great strides have been made in all general areas of atmospheric science. We have seen the proliferation of remote sensing technologies and techniques for their use in research and forecasting. We have seen advances in the understanding of synoptic and dynamic meteorology, which have improved weather forecasting. Advances in the capabilities of atmospheric modeling as well as increases in computing power have enhanced our understanding of atmospheric behaviors on all time and space scales. Additionally, there have been discoveries related to the behavior of smaller-scale systems, especially those that interact with human activity, health, and economics. These have inspired techniques through which people can be warned when these events might affect them. The increased understanding of interannual and interdecadal variability in climate has also led to the development of long-range forecasting and projection. In conclusion, this conference will be organized around the following sessions and related themes, which correspond to the journal Atmosphere.
Conference Sessions
- Aerosols;
- Air Quality;
- Air Quality and Human Health;
- Climatology;
- Meteorology;
- Biometeorology;
- Atmospheric Techniques, Instrumentation, and Modelling;
- Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions;
- Upper Atmosphere;
- Planetary Atmospheres.
Conference Topics
- Atmospheric Physics: remote sensing; satellite and RADAR meteorology; water cycles; nowcasting; mesoscale models.
- Atmospheric Chemistry: air quality; atmospheric chemistry; upper atmospheric chemistry.
- Synoptic and Dynamic Meteorology: forecasting techniques; cyclone and anticyclone development; the jet stream and its behavior; blocking anticyclones; operational meteorology; forecast skills; forecast models.
- Regional Climate and Interannual Variability: El Nino; teleconnections; long-range prediction and projection; climate modeling; climate change; downscaling techniques.
- Tropical Meteorology: tropical storms; atmosphere–ocean interactions; modeling convection; the general circulation.
Accepted papers will be gathered in the journal Environmental Sciences Proceedings. Selected extended versions will be published in Atmosphere Special Issue "Advances in Atmospheric Sciences" after peer review with a discount of 20% on the article processing charge.
Prof. Dr. Anthony R. Lupo
Chair of ECAS 2021
Below is a Welcome Message from Prof. Dr. Anthony R. Lupo himself.
Conference Chair
Dr. Anthony R. Lupo, is a Professor of Atmospheric Sciences in the Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Department at the University of Missouri. He earned his BS in Meteorology from the State University of New York at Oswego in 1988, and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Purdue University in 1991 and 1995, respectively. His research has been in the areas of large-scale atmospheric dynamics, climate dynamics, and climate change including modeling, and he has more than 135 peer-reviewed publications between each of these areas. Additionally, he edited and contributed to the book Recent Hurricane Research: Climate, Dynamics, and Societal Impacts (published in 2011), and in 2014, 2015, and 2018, he was the Lead Guest Editor of the publication Advances in Meteorology Special Issue: Large-Scale Dynamics, Anomalous Flows, and Teleconnections. He has been a member of the American Meteorological Society since 1987 (Certified Consulting Meteorologist #660), and the National Weather Association since 1998. As a CCM, he served on the governing board from 2014 to 2017, serving as Board Chair during 2017. He was a Fulbright Scholar during the summer of 2004 in Russia, studying climate change at the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. He won Fulbright scholarships to teach and research at Belgorod State National Research University in Russia for 2014–2015, and fall 2017. Additionally, he has served as an expert reviewer and/or contributing author to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (sponsored by the United Nations, World Meteorological Organization) and The Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) (sponsored by the Heartland Institute) Assessment Reports. The members of the IPCC shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. His other professional associations include the Royal Meteorological Society (Fellow), American Geophysical Union, Sigma Xi, Gamma Sigma Delta, Phi Kappa Phi, and the Missouri Academy of Science (Fellow). He has won awards for teaching and advising at the University of Missouri, including the College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Senior Teaching Award (2006), the Outstanding Undergraduate Advisor Award (April 2008), and the University of Missouri Kemper Foundation Award for Excellence in Teaching (April 2008). He was awarded the Most Distinguished Scientific Achievement Award by the Missouri Academy of Science (2009), and University of Missouri professor of the year (May, 2010). In Fall 2011, he was chosen to be on the Joint US–Russian Presidents Climate Subgroup of the Science and Technology working group (disbanded in 2014). In October 2013, he was awarded the Outstanding Alum for the year 2013 by the Earth and Atmospheric Science Department at Purdue. He is listed on the Fulbright Specialist Roster (2016–2022) and was part of the scientific committee for the First Conference on Atmospheric Blocking in Reading England (2014–2016).
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Keynote Speakers
Research Center Human Biometeorology, German Meteorological Service, Germany
human-biometeorology; urban bioclimatology; climate and tourism; climate impact research
andreas.matzarakis@dwd.de
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
air quality; atmospheric aerosol; health effects; characterization of ultrafine particles; combustion generated aerosol and urban areas; black carbon and carbonaceous aerosol, and relevant toxicology
f.costabile@isac.cnr.it
Environmental Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratory, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA
Environmental, Occupational, and Geospatial Health Sciences, CUNY School of Public Health, USA
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Italy
School of Physics and Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Ireland
Live Session
Live Sessions Recordings
Live Session 1 - 20.07.2021
Live Session 2 - 26.07.2021
Call for Papers
The 4th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS 2021) will be held from 16 to 31 July online. This event enables the researchers of atmospheric science to present their research and exchange ideas with their colleagues without the need to travel. All proceedings will be published on the conference homepage in open access format.
Through this event, we aim to cover the following topics:
- Aerosols (Session S1)
- Air Quality (Session S2)
- Air Quality and Human Health (Session S3)
- Climatology (Session S4)
- Meteorology (Session S5)
- Biometeorology (Session S6)
- Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling (Session S7)
- Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions (Session S8)
- Upper Atmosphere (Session S9)
- Planetary Atmospheres (Session S10)
The conference will be completely free of charge—both to attend and for scholars to upload and present their latest work on the conference platform. There will also be the possibility to submit selected papers to the Special Issue "Advances in Atmospheric Sciences" in the journal Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433; Impact Factor: 2.397 (JCR 2019); 5-Year Impact Factor: 2.437 (JCR 2019)) with a 20% discount on the article processing charge; ECAS 2021 offers you the opportunity to participate in this international, scholarly conference without having the concern or expenditure of travel — all you need is your computer and access to the Internet. We would like to invite you to “attend” this conference and present your latest work.
Abstracts (in English) should be submitted by 20 May 2021 online at https://www.sciforum.net/login. For accepted abstracts, the full paper (6-8 pages) can be submitted by 1 June 2021. The conference will be held from 16–31 July 2021.
We hope you will be able to join this exciting event and support us in making it a success. ECAS 2021 is organized and sponsored by MDPI, a scholarly open access publisher based in Basel, Switzerland.
Paper Submission Guidelines
For information about the submission procedure and preparation of a full presentation, please refer to the "Instructions for Authors".
Critical Dates
Conference Chairs
Department of Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA
Dr. Anthony R. Lupo, is a Professor of Atmospheric Sciences in the Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Department at the University of Missouri. He earned his BS in Meteorology from the State University of New York at Oswego in 1988, and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Purdue University in 1991 and 1995, respectively. His research has been in the areas of large-scale atmospheric dynamics, climate dynamics, and climate change including modeling, and he has more than 135 peer-reviewed publications between each of these areas.
lupoa@missouri.edu
Conference Committee
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
atmosphere composition; toxicological effects of atmospheric aerosols and sources; characterisation of aerosol sources; receptor models; air quality and health; turbulent fluxes; particle deposition; nucleation process
D.Contini@isac.cnr.it
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Toledo, USA
air quality modeling; indoor radon; risk analysis; biodiesel; data analysis
ASHOK.KUMAR@utoledo.edu
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
rain microstructure; polarimetric weather radar; electromagnetic scattering of rain
merhala.thurai-rajasingam@colostate.edu
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
air quality; atmospheric aerosol; health effects; characterization of ultrafine particles; combustion generated aerosol and urban areas; black carbon and carbonaceous aerosol, and relevant toxicology
f.costabile@isac.cnr.it
Research Center Human Biometeorology, German Meteorological Service, Germany
human-biometeorology; urban bioclimatology; climate and tourism; climate impact research
andreas.matzarakis@dwd.de
Pacific Marine Environment Laboratories, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), USA
radiative effects of aerosols; effects of aerosol on air quality
patricia.k.quinn@noaa.gov
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Environmental Informatics; Computational Intelligence Oriented Data Analytics and Modelling; Urban Air Quality Management and Information Systems; Computational Calibration and Performance Improvement of Low-Cost Environmental Sensors; Quality of Life Inf
kkara@auth.gr
Instituto Superior Técnico, Centro de Química Estrutural, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Lisbon, Portugal
environmental chemistry; mercury biogeochemical cycle in aquatic environments; mercury toxicology; environmental pollution; marine biogeochemistry; mercury in polar environments
rute.cesario@tecnico.ulisboa.pt
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Italy
urban air quality and microclimate; experimental and computational fluid dynamics; turbulence and pollutant dispersion; urban ventilation and vegetation
Section of Environmental Physics and Meteorology, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, Greece
climate dynamics; climate physics; climate change and variability; aerosols; ambient air quality; ozone-climate interactions; atmospheric physics and chemistry; nonlinear processes; artificial intelligence and machine learning; remote sensing
Environmental, Occupational, and Geospatial Health Sciences, CUNY School of Public Health, USA
air pollution; organic aerosol; urban pollution; ozone; wildfires; firefighters; electronic cigarettes; chromatography; spectroscopy
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council (ISAC-CNR), u.o. Italy
a.donateo@isac.cnr.it
aerosol; eddy covariance; aerosol optical properties; turbulent fluxex; aerosol deposition; aerosol emission; ultrafine particle; atmosphere composition; aerosol sources
Environmental Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratory, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA
Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, UK
Event Awards
To acknowledge the support of the conference esteemed authors and recognize their outstanding scientific accomplishments, Atmosphere would like to award the best paper and best presentation as elected by the members of the scientific committee. Both Awards will consist of 500 Swiss Francs and a certificate.
The Best Paper Award has been awarded to:
Manuscript ID: sciforum-046994
Authors: Hamed Hafizi and Ali Arda Sorman
The Best Presentation Award has been awarded to:
Manuscript ID: sciforum-045612
Authors: Daniela Chirizzi, Marianna Conte, Matteo Feltracco, Sara Trabucco, Adelaide Dinoi, Elena Gregoris, Elena Barbaro, Gianfranco La Bella, Giuseppina Ciccarese, Franco Belosi, Giovanna La Salandra, Andrea Gambaro and Daniele Contini.
The Awards
Number of Awards Available: 1
The Best Paper Award is given to the paper judged to make the most significant contribution to the Conference.Number of Awards Available: 1
The winner of Best Presentation Award is selected by the Scientific Committee after evaluation of all selected talks presented during the conference. The winners is selected from the videos uploaded through our submission system.Instructions for Authors
Submissions should be done by the authors online by registering with www.sciforum.net, and using the "New Submission" function once logged into system.
- Scholars interested in participating with the conference can submit their abstract (about 150-300 words covering the areas of manuscripts for the proceedings issue) online on this website until 20 May 2021.
- The Conference Committee will pre-evaluate, based on the submitted abstract, whether a contribution from the authors of the abstract will be welcome for the ECAS 2021. All authors will be notified by 1 June 2021 about the acceptance of their abstract.
- If the abstract is accepted for this conference, the author is asked to submit his/her manuscript, optionally along with a PowerPoint (only PDF) and/or video presentation of his/her paper, until the submission deadline of 20 June 2021.
- The manuscripts and presentations will be available on ECAS 2021 homepage for discussion and rating during the time of the conference 16-31 July 2021.
- Accepted papers will be published in the journal Environmental Sciences Proceedings. After the conference, the authors are recommended to submit an extended version of the proceeding papers to the Atmosphere Special issue "Advances in Atmospheric Sciences" with 20% discount on the APC.
Manuscripts for the proceedings issue must have the following organization:
- Title
- Full author names
- Affiliations (including full postal address) and authors' e-mail addresses
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results and Discussion
- Conclusions
- (Acknowledgements)
- References
Manuscripts should be prepared in MS Word and should be converted to the PDF format before submission. The publication format will be PDF. There is no page limit on the length, although authors are asked to keep their papers as concise as possible.
Microsoft Word
Authors must use the Microsoft Word template to prepare their manuscript. Using the template file will substantially shorten the time to complete copy-editing and publication of accepted manuscripts. Manuscript prepared in MS Word must be converted into a single file before submission. Please do not insert any graphics (schemes, figures, etc.) into a movable frame which can superimpose the text and make the layout very difficult.
- Paper Format: A4 paper format, the printing area is 17.5 cm x 26.2 cm. The margins should be 1.75 cm on each side of the paper (top, bottom, left, and right sides).
- Formatting / Style: Papers should be prepared following the style of ECAS 2021 template. The full titles and the cited papers must be given. Reference numbers should be placed in square brackets [ ], and placed before the punctuation; for example [4] or [1-3], and all the references should be listed separately and as the last section at the end of the manuscript.
- Authors List and Affiliation Format: Authors' full first and last names must be given. Abbreviated middle name can be added. For papers written by various contributors a corresponding author must be designated. The PubMed/MEDLINE format is used for affiliations: complete street address information including city, zip code, state/province, country, and email address should be added. All authors who contributed significantly to the manuscript (including writing a section) should be listed on the first page of the manuscript, below the title of the article. Other parties, who provided only minor contributions, should be listed under Acknowledgments only. A minor contribution might be a discussion with the author, reading through the draft of the manuscript, or performing English corrections.
- Figures, Schemes and Tables: Authors are encouraged to prepare figures and schemes in color. Full color graphics will be published free of charge. Figure and schemes must be numbered (Figure 1, Scheme I, Figure 2, Scheme II, etc.) and a explanatory title must be added. Tables should be inserted into the main text, and numbers and titles for all tables supplied. All table columns should have an explanatory heading. Please supply legends for all figures, schemes and tables. The legends should be prepared as a separate paragraph of the main text and placed in the main text before a table, a figure or a scheme.
For further inquiries please contact the Conference Secretariat.
Authors are also encouraged to submit video presentations. The video will be uploaded to YouTube, as well as onto Sciforum. The video should be no longer than 20 minutes and be prepared with the following formats:
- .MOV
- .MPEG4
- .MP4
- .AVI
- .WMV
- .MPEGPS
- .FLV
The video should be submitted before 20 May 2021.
Posters will be available on this conference website during and after the event. Like papers presented on the conference, participants will be able to ask questions and make comments about the posters. Posters that are submitted without paper will not be included in the proceedings of the conference.
It is the authors' responsibility to identify and declare any personal circumstances or interests that may be perceived as inappropriately influencing the representation or interpretation of clinical research. If there is no conflict, please state here "The authors declare no conflict of interest." This should be conveyed in a separate "Conflict of Interest" statement preceding the "Acknowledgments" and "References" sections at the end of the manuscript. Financial support for the study must be fully disclosed under "Acknowledgments" section. It is the authors' responsibility to identify and declare any personal circumstances or interests that may be perceived as inappropriately influencing the representation or interpretation of clinical research. If there is no conflict, please state here "The authors declare no conflict of interest." This should be conveyed in a separate "Conflict of Interest" statement preceding the "Acknowledgments" and "References" sections at the end of the manuscript. Financial support for the study must be fully disclosed under "Acknowledgments" section.
MDPI, the publisher of the Sciforum.net platform, is an open access publisher. We believe that authors should retain the copyright to their scholarly works. Hence, by submitting a Communication paper to this conference, you retain the copyright of your paper, but you grant MDPI AG the non-exclusive right to publish this paper online on the Sciforum.net platform. This means you can easily submit your paper to any scientific journal at a later stage and transfer the copyright to its publisher (if required by that publisher).
List of accepted submissions (56)
Id | Title | Authors | Poster PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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sciforum-043551 | Modelling in human biometeorology: spatial-temporal analysis of thermal factors in the present and future | N/A |
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The issue of the quantification of thermal comfort or heat stress on humans is on vogue nowadays. This is evident in the amount of indices or factors, which are trying to quantify these effects. Because of different aims of the development and the complexity of the issue close to 200 thermal indices have been developed and applied for different purposes, in different climate regions and for extreme climate conditions. Most of these indices rely on single meteorological parameters or a combination of them i.e. air temperature and air humidity. In the first half of the twentieth century the necessity of the inclusion of heat budget of the human body arised and in the second half of the twentieth century the first human energy balance models and complex thermal indices have been developed. The complex or rational thermal indices follow the concept of equivalent temperature, which is easier to be understood by users. Most known indices are PMV, PET, modified PET, SET* and UTCI. All the thermal indices require the same thermophysiological and meteorological parameters. For thermophysiology heat production and clothing are required. Air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, as well as short and long wave radiation fluxes in terms of the mean radiant temperature are the required meteorological parameters. Especially the meteorological factors have to be available in an appropriate spatial and temporal scale depending on the target and the specific issues demanded. The appropriate spatial and temporal resolution data cannot be only delivered by measurement stations. Therefore the collection and availability of different data set is important and complex. Nowadays remote sensing, re-analysis, new techniques of interpolation and climate simulations data can also be used. Modelling issues in the context of human energy balance models and the derived thermal indices, as we as the generation and availability of meteorological data especially in complex topographies and urban areas is required. Meso and micro scale models, which compute not only the meteorological parameters and thermal indices, but also deliver relevant data and information for the climate conditions and can be helpful in the development of mitigation and adaptation strategies in the era of climate change. The main and secondary output can be helpful for different approaches in different disciplines and issues in the context of human health and welfare. |
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sciforum-045349 | Application of statistical techniques to study stable isotopes (18O and 2H) characteristics of precipitation in Iran (Southwest Asia) |
Mojtaba Heydarizad ,
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Iran is located in semi-arid and arid parts of the world which often faces water shortage crisis. Hence, monitoring precipitation as a crucial part of the water cycle by accurate methods such as stable isotopes techniques has great importance. Various climatic and geographic parameters influence precipitation in Iran which makes the interoperation of stable isotopes signatures in precipitation very complicated. Thus, sampling stations for stable isotopes analyses in Iran have been classified by cluster analysis (CA) to 10 clusters based on their stable isotope characteristics. The results show that the classification of stations by CA has a close correlation with Koppen climatic zones. For instance, the stations in BWh (hot and arid) zone show the most enriched isotopes values as well as high d-excess, and they exist in four clusters. In these stations, the moisture of precipitation is provided from the Persian Gulf, the Arabian and the Red Seas. These stations also deviate from both Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL) and Eastern Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line (EMMWL) due to intense evaporation effect on precipitation events. However in stations locate in BSk (semi-arid and cold) zone in three clusters, stations mainly plot on the GMWL. These stations show highly depleted stable isotopes signatures as well as high d-excess values. The precipitation over these stations occur by moisture received from the Caspian and the Mediterranean Seas. Stations in two clusters are located in BWk (cold and arid) zone and they show the highest d-excess values and depleted stable isotopes signatures. Finally, in the last cluster, one station exits and located in Dfb (continental and no dry season) zone. This station shows the most depleted stable isotopes signatures. |
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sciforum-045465 | Some meteorological aspects of severe agricultural drought in the Northern Black Sea region in 2019-2020 | N/A |
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The regions of Odesa, Mykolaiv and Kherson, which are located in the southwest of Ukraine and occupy the Northern Black Sea region, have been affected by severe drought occurred in 2019-2020 with catastrophic impact on agriculture sector in 2020. An overview of the meteorological and synoptic conditions for the formation of this drought showed that the combination of several adverse factors influenced on evolution of drought for a long time. Analysis of the time course of the drought index SPI on 1 month time scale showed that after relatively favorable spring months at the different points of the Odessa region, the deficit of precipitation (SPI < 0) was observed almost at all months in 2019 (except October), and continued in the first months of 2020. Analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of the anomalies of satellite-derived vegetation index NDVI in March-October showed that in 2019, the positive anomalies were observed only in the spring months, but since the beginning of summer and until the middle of the autumn, an increase in the negative anomalies of the NDVI index was observed. March 2020 was characterized by favorable conditions for the vegetation, however, in April, the anomalies of NDVI became negative and reached the minimum in May. As shown, during months of 2019 in the middle troposphere the monthly positive anomalies of the geopotential heights prevailed in average, which reached maximum values in the second half of 2019 and in January 2020. Analysis of the time course of the ECBI (European continental blocking index) showed that the most prolonged periods of blocking over the European continent were observed in March-April, August-September and November 2019 (from three to six consecutive pentads), as well as in December 2019-January 2020 (four consecutive pentads). |
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sciforum-044675 | How does cyclogenesis commence given a favorable tropical environment? |
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In a series of collaborative Russian-American works (Levina and Montgomery, 2009-2015), we developed and applied an original research approach based on idealized cloud-resolving numerical simulation to quantitatively analyze the self-organization of helical moist convective atmospheric turbulence during tropical cyclogenesis. This allowed us to discover a pre-depression large-scale vortex instability and answer a question “When will cyclogenesis commence given a favorable tropical environment?” The instability emerges against the background of seemingly disorganized convection, in the absence of a visible center of the surface circulation and pronouncedly precedes, from a few hours up to several dozens of hours, the formation of a tropical depression. The onset of instability is diagnosed as the moment when primary (tangential) and secondary (transverse) circulation in the forming hurricane vortex become linked by special convective coherent structures - Vortical Hot Towers (VHTs). The generated linkage makes the nascent vortex an integral mesoscale helical system and ensures a positive feedback between the circulations. The mutual intensification of the primary and secondary circulation begins. The feedback is maintained by convective instability and vortical cloud convection. The forming vortex becomes energy-self-sustaining and intensifying. This can be interpreted as the beginning of a tropical cyclogenesis, while the subsequent formation of a tropical depression / storm may mark the completion of the genesis stage. In the present work, we focus on the formation of secondary circulation due to close coincidence in time of this process with the onset of instability, and we explore in detail the crucial role of VHTs in both phenomena. The undertaken examination is also intended to contribute to a recently initiated development (Levina, 2020) of early and exact operational diagnosis for the beginning of tropical cyclogenesis based on GOES Imagery and combined with high resolution numerical analysis. The work was supported by the research project “Monitoring” No. 01200200164. |
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sciforum-045483 | Analysis of possible physical factors that accelerate downdrafts in storm clouds over Cuba |
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Mario Carnesoltas ,
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Severe Local Storms (TLS) are considered one of the most dangerous phenomena within the mesoscale. One of its manifestations is strong linear winds, which are known as downbursts, capable of causing great losses to the country's economy and society in general. Knowing which factors in the atmosphere are necessary for the occurrence of this phenomenon is essential for its better understanding and future prediction, which is very complex given the short time of their emergence, development, and dissipation. The objective of the research was to analyze the possible physical factors that accelerate the downdrafts in the storm clouds in Cuba. For this, 10 simulated study cases simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at 3 km of the spatial resolution were used. Of these, there were 5 days with reports of downburst and 5 days close to these, both in position and time, in which there was an electrical storm without severity. The factors capable of discriminating between downburst and electrical storms without severity were obtained as the absorption of latent heat by evaporation and fusion, the equivalent potential temperature difference between the level of maximum relative humidity in the low levels and of minimum relative humidity in the middle levels, the speed of the downdraft, and Downstream Available Convective Potential Energy (DCAPE). Unlike previous research, they discriminated against updraft buoyancy and energy advection, both at the middle levels of the troposphere. |
Conference Secretariat
Ms. Alicia Wang、Ms. Olivia Liu、Ms. Chloe Li
MDPI Branch Office, Wuhan
E-Mail: ecas2021@mdpi.com
S1. Aerosols
Aerosol particles play a central role in the composition and radiation budget of the atmosphere. The aerosol distribution on global and regional scales is dependent on emission, chemical processing, removal and horizontal–vertical transport, and may significantly affect the local and regional air quality. A variety of measurement techniques and numerical modeling tools is used to study the aerosol spatial distribution and its effects on atmospheric composition and radiative transfer. The latter take place through a number of processes, from direct scattering and absorption of solar and planetary radiation to indirect effects related to the formation of cloud droplets and ice particles in the troposphere, or even in the stratospheric polar vortices. Other effects may play a substantial role in the atmospheric radiative transfer, for example, the aerosol deposition feedback on the albedo of snow/ice covered surfaces or the influence on atmospheric stability due to the absorption of radiation. A reliable estimate of the direct radiative effects can be reached if a good knowledge of the vertical distribution of the particles is reached, along with their size distribution and physical composition. A meaningful representation of the indirect effects needs to take several complex microphysical processes into account. Atmospheric aerosols may also cause a negative impact on human health and vegetation. Specific details on emission and chemical mechanisms concerning toxic particulate-borne species are required for an accurate assessment of exposure.
Keywords
- Anthropogenic and natural emissions;
- Primary and secondary atmospheric aerosols;
- Direct, semi-direct and indirect radiative effects;
- Aerosol–cloud interactions;
- Aerosol microphysics;
- Impact on air quality;
- Toxicity of aerosols;
- Large-scale transport;
- Chemical and physical properties;
- Measurements and modeling
Session Chair
Dr. Patricia K. Quinn, Pacific Marine Environment Laboratories, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98115, USA
S2. Air Quality
Air quality has become one of the greatest environmental issues of modern times, following improved access to fresh water in many parts of the world. Each year, both outdoor and indoor air pollution are thought to contribute to millions of premature deaths worldwide. Despite increased awareness of the hazards associated with air pollution, there remain significant gaps in our understanding of the science of air quality. Future research will lead to a better understanding of the sources of key atmospheric pollutants, including precursors and the chemistry that leads to production of atmospheric toxins. Improvements are needed in our understanding of the epidemiology of air quality and our understanding is also limited by a lack of comprehensive atmospheric composition measurements in the heterogeneous urban air-shed. Advances in air quality modelling techniques are also needed, as is an understanding of how to bridge the scales between atmospheric models and atmospheric observations. This section aims to publish research that contributes to a better understanding of all these aspects of air quality.
Keywords
- Sources of atmospheric pollutants;
- Hazardous and toxic substances;
- Air quality modelling;
- Air quality management;
- Sampling and analysis, measurement of air pollution;
- Atmospheric dispersion and transport;
- Air-surface (soil, water, and vegetation) exchange of pollutants;
- Indoor air quality;
- Air pollution meteorology;
- Air pollution climatology;
- Atmospheric impact assessment;
- Dry and wet deposition;
- Atmospheric chemistry;
- Greenhouse gases;
- Pollution control technologies;
- Energy and air pollution;
- Exposure assessment of air pollution.
S3. Air Quality and Human Health
The association between air quality and human health is one of the most controversial topics in current research. Air pollution is considered one of the leading environmental risk factor for human health globally, especially with regard to ambient fine particular matter (PM2.5), ozone, and some non-criteria pollutants that are considered to have the highest toxicity, such as metals, organics, ultrafine particles, and black carbon. The interplay between these variables and human health is a popular choice of study. Indirect health impacts also exist, for example, due to changes in vector-borne disease risk, food availability, and agricultural production. Both epidemiology and toxicity mechanism studies are needed to understand the role of air quality on specific health outcomes, including inflammation, DNA changes, cancer, respiratory and neurological diseases, severe cognitive deficit, and brain structural change. Notably, scientifically sound metrics to quantitatively measure atmosphere effects on human health, potentially causing several million deaths per year, are still missing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop significant scientific evidence to guide the development of new recommendations, policies, and legislation.
Articles that consider all associations between atmospheric composition and health impacts, especially with regard to air pollution and aerosols, aerobiology, toxicology, and epidemiology in all regions of the world, are welcome. We also welcome multidisciplinary studies that attempt to use the contextualization of science to solve this broad societal challenge.
Keywords
- air pollution;
- fine aerosol particles;
- ultrafine particles;
- epidemiology
- toxicology;
- exposure;
- doses;
- black carbon;
- metals;
- organics;
- metrics;
- legislation
Session Chair
Dr. Daniele Contini, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
S4. Climatology
Climate play a profound role on all human agricultural, economic, and recreational activities. The number of studies and topics involving Earth’s atmosphere and climate have proliferated since the early 20th century. This section will be devoted to topics that remain at the heart of climate inquest, including variability of the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, and cryosphere; past, present, and projected future changes in the climate system; and climate simulation and prediction, the impacts of global climate change, and climate change’s implications for the economy and policy.
Keywords
- Global and regional climate;
- Climate dynamics;
- Climate change and variability;
- Paleoclimate;
- Urban climate;
- Polarclimate;
- Tropical climate;
- Climate change and renewable energy;
- Climate policies, strategies, and management;
- Modelling.
S5. Meteorology
This section will be devoted to topics that remain at the heart of weather, including cross-disciplinary studies devoted to basic or applied research. The editorial board will review all manuscripts submitted for publication in this section. Articles deemed outside the scope of the subject matter listed here may be referred to another section of Atmosphere.
Keywords
- Precipitation, windspeed, and cloud formation;
- General circulation and teleconnections;
- Tropical meteorology;
- Boundary-layer meteorology;
- Mountain meteorology;
- Mesoscale meteorology;
- Physical meteorology;
- Operational meteorology;
- Synoptic and dynamic meteorology;
- Weather analysis and forecasting;
- Numerical methods.
S6. Biometeorology
Biometeorology deals with the interactions between atmospheric conditions and living organisms (humans, vegetation and animals) in an interdisciplinary manner, as well as on how to inform, warn, respond to and mitigate adverse effects resulting from activities and climate change. The core questions are to assess how atmospheric conditions can impact on living organisms. The topic covers aspects from daily life to implications of global, regional and local climate change.
Examples are how the well-being and health of humans are related, how urban planning can improve atmospheric conditions (air quality, urban climate), atmospheric effects on agricultural and forest production and how to transfer such knowledge in a broadly understandable way in order to ensure the appropriate usage of such information. Atmospheric conditions include transient ones driven by weather patterns and long-term climatology, as well as how climate change trends may affect these drivers. In this context, the section wants to address issues concerning assessment approaches (incl. emission inventories) for urban climate (incl. heat load and cold stress), air quality and health, as well as warning systems and measures in place to mitigate adverse impacts. Modelling and experimental studies on how environmental management, urban planning and design or traffic regulation can improve living conditions and decrease emissions are particularly welcome. Articles considering the impacts of weather processes with respect to air temperature, air quality and radiation on human well-being and health would also be appropriate. Since several methods are in use to compile bio-weather and air quality forecasts, we are looking forward to discussing such approaches and the way to convey such information to end-users and the public, but particularly to special target cohorts. Another aim is to describe not only how climate and air quality data and information should be transferred and addressed for issues on tourism and recreation, but also for people living in urban areas.
Keywords
- Human biometeorology;
- Urban bioclimatology;
- Climate, tourism and recreation;
- Thermal comfort and heat stress;
- UV-radiation;
- Weather sensitivity;
- Biometeorology and climate change;
- Agricultural meteorology;
- Forest meteorology;
- Animal biometeorology;
- Climate and health;
- Phenology.
Session Chair
Prof. Dr. Andreas Matzarakis, Research Center Human Biometeorology, German Meteorological Service, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
S7. Atmospheric Techniques, Instrumentation, and Modelling
This section aims to provide interdisciplinary scientific studies that devoted to topics on advanced techniques, instruments, and models for assessing the atmosphere and climate. In addition to this, it will also include topics on artificial intelligence, machine learning, data science, etc.
Keywords:
- Remote sensing;
- Instruments;
- Laboratory measurement techniques;
- Artificial intelligence;
- Machine learning;
- Data science;
- Model development;
- Algorithm;
- Satellite;
- Carbon balance/carbon cycle;
- Infrared spectroscopy;
- Lidar;
- Radar;
- Unmanned aerial vehicles/drone;
- Point cloud;
- GNSS;
- Microwave radiometry.
S8. Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions
Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere interactions play a crucial role in weather and climate. Surface water and energy exchange fluxes drive the diurnal and seasonal dynamics of the atmospheric boundary layer, on both local and regional scales. Surface–atmosphere trace gas exchange fluxes affect the chemical composition of the boundary layer, acting both as a source and a sink of atmospheric trace species, including both greenhouse gases and more reactive species that drive atmospheric chemistry, such as isoprene. Together, these surface–atmosphere interactions thus dominate the environmental conditions of life on Earth. As man-made emissions are altering the Earth’s energy budget, surface–atmosphere interactions are changing as well. Magnified or reduced hydrologic cycles and slowly changing biosphere and land surface conditions owing to land use change or increasing frequency of extreme weather and climate occurrences, will not only alter local to regional energy and water fluxes, but also trace gas exchange rates. Both are expected to create feedbacks on atmospheric conditions, including atmospheric chemistry, which will need to be understood to project future risks, and to effectively respond with mitigation and adaptation strategies.
Atmosphere invites contributions analyzing how local to regional energy and trace gas exchanges between the surface and the atmosphere affect atmospheric conditions, including, but no limited to, weather and climate phenomena from local to regional scales, exchange mechanisms, greenhouse gas and other trace gas fluxes and their atmospheric reactions, deposition processes, or anthropogenic land use change effects.
Keywords:
- Atmospheric boundary layer;
- Surface–atmospheric interactions;
- Land–atmospheric interactions;
- Forests–atmosphere interactions;
- Air–sea interactions;
- Wind–wave interactions.
S9. Upper Atmosphere
The problem of coupling processes in the Earth's atmosphere has recently become of great relevance. Climate change, electric discharges from top of the clouds into the ionosphere, seismo-ionospheric coupling, the role of galactic cosmic rays in cloud formation and hurricane stimulation, and other novel issues present the challenge of reconsidering the energy balance and transformation within the upper atmosphere. Usually, the lower border of the upper atmosphere is positioned at altitudes higher than 50 km, where the processes of molecule dissociation and ionization start to play an important role. This altitude is also considered as the lower border of the ionosphere in models of global electric circuits. However, for this Section, our interest lies in the lower atmosphere up to the tropopause, where the maximum dissipation of galactic cosmic rays is situated, as well as a few kilometers higher than the tropopause, where we focus attention on the ozone layer and its role in atmosphere thermodynamics.
We envisage that this Section will represent the efforts of scientists who are not only atmospheric physicists but also experts in plasma physics, thermodynamics, and other disciplines of geophysics. The new knowledge generated from this endeavor is the direct result of interdisciplinary fusion and sets the foundation for further scientific progress.
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S10. Planetary Atmospheres
The Planetary Atmospheres section broadly includes studies involving the atmospheres of solar-system planets and moons (with Earth included in comparative planetology studies), and the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. For solid-surface (terrestrial) planets, the regional scope spans from the planetary boundary layer to the thermosphere. For gas–giant planets, the regional scope spans from interaction with the deep fluid interior to the thermosphere. Space weather is generally treated elsewhere, but the interaction with aeronomy is in the section's scope.
All types of studies are welcome, including observations and data analysis, modeling, model expositions, theoretical work, laboratory studies, and remote sensing and in situ probe feasibility studies. A full range of topics is covered, including atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric structure, formation and evolution, observation strategies, and the interplay between disciplines. Comparative planetology is particularly encouraged.