We present newly developed electrochemical sensors based on screen-printed carbon electrodes functionalized with nanostructured bismuth species for paracetamol detection. We produced the nanostructures by thermal conversion of Bi(NO₃)₃ forming two subnitrates (BiONO₃ and Bi₅O₇NO₃) testing their performances through cyclic voltammetry experiments and compared in terms of the kinetic rate constant, the sensitivity, and the limit of detection.

The synthesis of BiONO₃ was also modified by adding polyethylene glycol achieving a higher oxidation peak current, lower oxidation peak potential, and assured a faster paracetamol reaction due to a higher kinetic rate constant of 42.0 ± 9.8 ms⁻¹. Furthermore, we observed a lesser ΔEp of up to 243 ± 10 mV with a higher chance of reversible reaction doubling at the same time the sensitivity of a bare carbon electrode with a limit of detection of up to 2.24 ± 0.03 μM. Paracetamol-BiONO₃ system was further investigated through computational approach evaluating the geometry of transitional state and the electron transfer values reaching a very good agreement with the empirical data.