Construction is a labor-intensive industry. Each construction project involves aspects of execution complexity, construction records, management objectives, evaluation benchmarks, and construction productivity. In order to complete a construction project on time, on budget, and with high quality, construction productivity is a key factor. Construction productivity involves various working groups (reinforcement, template, concrete, plastering, water, electricity, furnishing, and heavy machinery). All working groups must execute their daily tasks, including corresponding work items and schedules. To calculate the productivities of all working groups, many input and output factors must be considered, which is related to multi-attribute decision making (MADM). The traditional productivity calculation method is use single outputs / single inputs, but such method cannot solve the problems of multiple outputs / multiple inputs of construction productivity. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, this paper integrates technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to handle the issue of construction productivity. The paper further uses the data of three cases in a construction project, namely the installations of windows and blinds, concrete slabs, and sheet metal pipes, to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed novel construction productivity calculation method. The test results show that the proposed novel construction productivity calculation method could be widely used to evaluate the problems related to construction productivity, as well as to rank and to compare the daily labor productivity regardless of efficiency values. The findings can provide a direction for construction managers to improve labor productivity.