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Genomic profiling of production traits of the Arequipa fighting cattle in Peru
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , * 5
1  Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza National University, Amazonas, Peru
2  Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Federico Villarreal National University, Peru
3  Independent Researcher, Peru
4  Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, Toribio Rodriguez National University of Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
5  Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza National University, Amazonas, Peru
Academic Editor: Clive Julian Phillips

Abstract:

Cattle in Arequipa are mainly used for milk and beef production, and agricultural labor, representing an important component in the economic sector. On the other hand, during at least the last 150 years, farmers in Arequipa selected their cattle based on docility and fighting skills due to cultural traditions. It is worth mentioning this tradition does not involve cattle injury. Our previous molecular work showed that these individuals known as “Arequipa Fighting Bull” (AFB) belong to a different population, demonstrating that these individuals very likely correspond to another breed. However, very little is known about the productive traits of this population. We collected hair follicle samples from 95 AFB individuals to perform a genomic profile using the Igenity Beef tests (males + females) and Igenity Basic tests (females only). DNA extraction was carried out on all samples; however, only 60 individuals (28 females, F, and 32 males, M) were suitable for molecular work. To obtain the genetic profile, an analysis was performed using SNP markers through Igenity Beef and Igenity Basic. Multiple correspondence analysis grouped individuals based on their Igenity Beef rank; that is, bottom 25%, maternal, terminal, and top 25%. Individuals PBT_ARE 013 (F) and PBT_ARE 012 (M) scored the highest on the Igenity Production index. That is, they possess good maternal traits with gain and carcass characteristics. The Igenity Basic genomic test resolved three groups of female individuals. Moreover, this test reported that BB, the most favorable genotype, is present in very low frequency (5%). PBT_ARE 024 possesses the best dairy yield traits (fat and protein). This study represents the first assessment of production traits of the AFB. We expect these results to provide insights for establishing a modern cattle breeding program in Arequipa, optimizing beef and dairy production and promoting sustainable development in the Peruvian livestock industry.

Keywords: SNP; zoogenetic resourcers; dairy; beef; multivariate analysis

 
 
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