The pursuit of sustainable architecture has intensified the exploration of adaptive building façades that dynamically respond to environmental stimuli, aiming to improve energy efficiency and occupant comfort. Nature offers numerous examples of such adaptive systems, with the hygroscopic movements of pine cones serving as a prominent model for bioinspired façade designs. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of bioinspired adaptive façades, synthesizing recent advancements in smart materials, mechanisms, and control strategies. It explores how principles such as self-regulation, responsiveness, and material efficiency found in natural systems can inform innovative architectural solutions to mitigate the energy demands of buildings. Particular emphasis is placed on the contextual relevance and potential application of these adaptive façades within India’s diverse climatic zones, ranging from hot and arid to tropical and humid environments. Socio-economic and cultural factors influencing the adoption of such technologies in Indian architecture are also discussed. This review identifies critical research gaps, particularly the need for region-specific studies and cost-effective materials suitable for large-scale implementation. A conceptual framework is proposed to guide future research and design efforts aimed at integrating bioinspired adaptive façades into mainstream Indian architecture. By bridging biological insights with architectural innovation, this study contributes to the discourse on energy-efficient, resilient, and sustainable built environments tailored to local conditions. This review aims to inspire architects, researchers, and policymakers to further develop and adopt biomimetic adaptive façade technologies that align with India’s sustainable development goals.