In the field of medicine and the development of new therapeutic techniques, the demand for medicinal plants is very high. This work presents the results of a comparison between some biological activities of aqueous extract and nanoparticles based on aqueous extract of the medicinal plant Pistacia lentiscus fron Ain t'émouchent, Algeria. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as: tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, free quinones, sterols and terpenoids. Two aqueous extracts prepared from Moringa oleifera were obtained from maceration extraction. The estimation of the reducing power of its residues of M. oleifera and the nanoparticles based on aqueous extract was calculated using the method of trapping the free radical DPPH. We noted that this plant has good antioxidant activity and the results reveal that the aqueous extract of the fruits and leaves has better activity with an IC50 of 0.9093 mg/ml and 1.2145 mg/ml, respectively. The nanoparticles based on aqueous extract of the leaves were the least active with an IC50 of 1.988 mg/ml.

The antibacterial effect of the extracts and nanoparticles was evaluated by the agar diffusion method (Muelleur-Hinton). The results indicate that this species also has a high antibacterial activity against the four strains tested (P.aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E.coli ATCC 25922, S.aureus ATCC 25923, S.aureus ATCC 43300), with inhibition zones of variable diameters. We found that the antibacterial effect of the nanoparticles was the best compared to the aqueous extract and compared to silver nitrate regardless of the bacterial strain.