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Study on Yield Variability in Oil Palm Progenies and Their Genetic Origins
* 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 1 , 5 , 4 , 1, 2 , 3 , 4
1  Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
2  Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI), P.M.B 1313 Freetown, Sierra Leone
3  Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
4  Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
5  Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract:

Abstract: One of the leading important plantation crops with high revenue returns widely known is Elaeis guineensis palm. To-date, yield variability in fresh fruit bunches (YFFB) in Malaysia oil palm plantations is one of the key influences in low palm oil yield. Accordingly, an assessment of dura×pisifera progenies and their genetic origins on oil palm yield was carried out in this current study. Eleven years old 24 derived progenies from 10 genetic origins developed through single-crossed hybridization were adopted and the standard procedure for yield and yield traits data collections were followed for three sequential years. Analysis of variance revealed genetic variation among the progenies and their origins. Amid the progenies analysed, 45.83% had YFFB above the trial mean. Progeny HPDP500 had the highest YFFB (191.74 kg/palm/year) and the highest bunch number (YBNO) was recorded in PKDP4474 and HPDP500 at 20.65 bunch/palm/year and 20.53 bunches/palm/year, respectively. The highest YFFB was recorded in Year-one and year-three, while the highest YBNO was noticed in year-one of data collection. Dura-Ulu Remis × Yangambi had the highest YFFB (175.81 kg/palm/year) and Tanzania × Nigeria recorded the highest YBNO (19.06 bunches/palm/year). To further verify the genetic variation among progenies, variance components, heritability and coefficient of variation were estimated. The results revealed high heritability and phenotypic coefficient of variation with a moderate genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits. YFFB had a significant positive relationship with YBNO (r=0.676**) with a weak positive association with average bunch weight (r=0.378**). Hence, due to progeny HPDP500 and origin Dura-Ulu Remis × Yangambi performance in YFFB yield, they could be exploited for selection and breeding for yield improvement.

Keywords: Keywords: Genetic origins, Yield traits, genetic variance, progeny, Heritability
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