In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained a lot of attention from researchers because of their potential applications in gas separation, storage, catalysis as well as sensing. In spite of this, further development for the actual utilization of this material is hindered mainly by its lack of ability to withstand harsh conditions. Advances over the past few years have made it possible to create MOFs with greater variability and structural properties that are more robust in nature. This paper focuses on the development of synthesis and design of MOFs so as to attain robust frameworks that are relevant for various applications. Finally, this paper also discusses the possible future directions of study for synthesizing highly durable MOFs.

The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate a mouth-dispersing film of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphatedosage form for a rapid onset of action, which is very easy for administration, without the issue of swallowing and using water. The mouth dissolving film of Clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate was prepared by Solvent Casting Method and its’ in-vitro characterisation was evaluated. Its tensile strength is 3.68 N/ Cm². The drug content ranges from95.20 to97.5 %. The drug release rate of the optimized formula A4 is 99.58 % in 5 minutes, and it was concluded according to this result, that the film prepared by HPMC E5 polymer is forming superior filmthat offers rapid drug release.

Several researches have proposed that incorporation of ceramic wastes into concrete production will be of immense benefits to both ceramic and concrete industries. However, while mechanical properties of ceramic waste concretes have been extensively investigated, there are very limited data on their durability performance. This ongoing study addresses this critical gap by focusing on the durability aspects, specifically the permeability, of concrete enhanced with recycled ceramic tiles (RCT) as a fine aggregate. The assessment of permeability encompasses two key facets: resistance to water absorption and resistance to chloride ion penetration. Water absorption tests were carried out on concrete specimens with varying percentage replacement of sand with RCT (0%, 33.3%, 66.6% and 100%) while chloride ion penetration tests were conducted using silver nitrate colouration technique on similar specimens immersed in 3% NaCl solution for 14, 28 and 56 days. Results of preliminary tests on RCT shows that it is a suitable fine aggregate material for concrete production and a lighter material than sand. Moreover, while samples with RCT out-performed control samples in terms of resistance to water absorption, resistance to chloride ion penetration was directly proportional to percentage replacement of sand with RCT. This improved performance has been attributed to the refined microstructure of RCT concrete at cement paste-aggregate interface due to the pozzolanic property of RCT

Background: In recent years, in situ reaction monitoring has grown in use for this purpose. ReactIR is one of the in-situ reaction monitoring techniques used to understand chemical reactions. The reductive amination of Schiff base formed in situ by treating salicylaldehyde and diethylene triamine by using sodium borohydride in methanol was completed within 28 minutes, which was monitored by ReactIR. Materials and Methods: Zinc complexes of diethylene triamine, Schiff base, and their reductive amination products were synthesized using 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 mole ratios of ligand-zinc chloride at room temperature. Results and conclusion: The formation of the product was confirmed by IR spectra. All these complexes showed photoluminescence in the blue region.

Offshore structures are subjected to various environmental and service loads. Many offshore structures are facing ageing and corrosion problems. Replacement or repair of the damaged structure is vital for the facility's safe operation. The replacement may be costly and practically impossible. Traditionally, strengthening was accomplished by welding or clamping extra plates to the vulnerable area. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are being used for steel structure reinforcement, following decades of successful utilization for the reinforcement of concrete structures. Various occasional and routine inspections are made to notice any defect in the structure. Possible defects can occur everywhere, including the joining point to two or more tubular members, reducing the load-bearing capability of the entire system. The weld line of the joints is the most vulnerable portion of an offshore structure, prone to crack initiation and growth. Rehabilitation of tubular joints with a crack at the interface of mating members using FRP has rarely been investigated. KT-joint is among the most widely utilized joints in offshore structures. Rehabilitation of KT-joint in a typical circular hollow sectioned structure having a known defect has been investigated in this study. Fracture parameters for crack before and after reinforcement proves the capability of this rehabilitation technique. This research leads to a better understanding of FRP utilization for crack mitigation in tubular joints. Experimental investigation of cracked tubular joints with FRP reinforcement can impart further confidence in the findings of this study.

Background: Global trends to see promotion of healthy lifestyles through balanced diet with reducing the consumption of animal products, avoidance of high calorie and fat content foods. This contributes to the creation of new mayonnaise-like sauces with a reduced oil content and egg-free tendency.

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop a technology for low-fat mayonnaise sauce (containing 30% sunflower oil). Canned white bean aquafaba was used as an plant-based emulsifier to create an egg-free food. To maintain the texture and rheological properties of the food product emulsion, water soluble polymers such as carboxymethyl cellulose were used as a thickener and a pectin-xanthan mixture as a gelling agent.

Methods: Sedimentation stability, microstructural and textural parameters of the samples and their change during the storage period were determined by the classical methods with sample centrifugation, laser diffraction and rotational viscometry with coaxial cylinders, respectively. Sensory characteristics evaluated for the end-product.

Results: Preliminary studies made it possible to optimize the formulation for mayonnaise sauce and use the ratio of the main ingredients of the emulsion stabilization emulsifier/ stabilizer/thickener as a ratio of 3:0.7:0.3 (%). In the developed technology, some special temperature conditions were used to obtain a stable emulsion system. The mayonnaise sauce was characterized by high sedimentation stability at the level of 98%, as well as acidity and pH equal to 0.691 g of acetic acid equivalent per 100 g sample and 3.66, respectively. The volume droplet size distribution had an average particle size of 8.4 μm and a SPAN factor of 1.7 µm, which indicates typical values for the parameters of a well-homogenized mayonnaise-like emulsion. Rheological studies made it possible to classify the samples as viscoelastic systems with a pseudoplastic flow pattern and a sufficiently high value of the yield shear stress equal to 132 Pa as a quantitative parameter confirming the stability of the microstructure over time. Sensory analysis confirmed high scores for consistency, taste and smell of the end-product.

Conclusion: A low-calorie mayonnaise sauce technology was developed using plant-based proteins of white canned beans aquafaba as an unconventional emulsifier.

In recent years, the incorporation of wind turbine distributed generation (WTDG) in addition to battery energy storage system (BESS) into an electrical distribution network (EDN) has grown into a beneficial solution for ensuring a satisfying balance between energy generation and consumption. The principal approaches used to locate and size multiple WTDG and BESS units inside EDS are described in this article. To optimize overall multi-objective functions, this research investigates the optimal planning of multiple hybrid WTDG and BESS units in EDN. In the first scenario, injecting active power to the EDN is accomplished by installing WTDG. In contrast, in the second scenario, hybrid WTDG and BESS units are deployed concurrently to provide the EDN, taking into consideration the seasonal uncertainty of load-source powers variation, for a reason to approach to the practical case, where there are many parameters to be optimized, considering different constraints, during the uncertain time and variable data of load and power generator. The suggested work's originality is to completely design a novel multi-objective function (MOF) based on the sum of three technical metrics of active power loss (APL), voltage deviation (VD), and overcurrent relay operating time (OTR). The proposed MOF is tested and validated on the standard IEEE 69-bus distribution network by applying a new, recently published meta-heuristic algorithm called the Light Spectrum Optimizer (LSO) algorithm. The optimized outcomes revealed that the LSO showed good behavior in minimizing each parameter included in the MOF during the year

In recent years, significant advances in digital health made possible to provide more personalized and timely care, and health systems to become more efficient.
With this paper, we propose a multi-parameter device, at a prototypal level, which represents a convenient and efficient solution in order to accurately monitor health and collect vital data: it is able to return blood pressure values, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation levels and body temperature, relying only on two different sensors, combined with AI algorithms.
In particular, a multi-wavelength photoplethysmographic sensor is used for the prediction of heart rate, the degree of blood hemoglobin oxygenation and blood pressure. The performance is promising, with an average relative error of less than 5% for heart rate and blood saturation, and a Mean Absolute Error of 3.74 mmHg and 2.98 mmHg for systolic and diastolic pressure respectively.
The MLX90640 thermal camera accurately measured patients’ body temperature in a non-invasive and continuous manner, with a maximum absolute error equal to 0.2 °C.

Enzymes are used in textile manufacturing as eco-friendly alternatives to harsh chemicals, selectively breaking down specific chemical bonds in polymers for the extraction of purer monomer building blocks. However, efficient enzyme-based recycling is dependent on the specific polymers involved, as different enzymes target different synthetic fibers. Challenges arise when suitable enzymes are not yet discovered, or when fiber blends hinder accessibility and efficiency. Consequently, the adoption of biotechnological solutions becomes imperative. Biotechnology offers the potential for selective depolymerization of both natural and synthetic fibers, isolating constituents or recovering monomers. This advancement addresses the complexities associated with regenerating monomers from synthetic fiber blends, particularly in circumstances involving contaminated or mixed fibers. Furthermore, upcycling discarded fiber products into higher-value items not only diverts waste from landfills but also creates economic opportunities and reduces the demand for new polyester production. The focus of this paper is to explore the potential of biotechnological solutions for enhancing the efficiency of synthetic fiber recycling.

The goal of this study was to develop an experimental-based online near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic sensing system for the quality measurement of three major indicators of cow milk (fat, protein, and lactose), solids not fat (SNF) and somatic cell count (SCC) for each cow during milking. Milk samples were obtained from twenty-four Holstein cows. Near-infrared spectra of raw milk were obtained every 20 seconds during milking with an automatic milking system with wavelengths ranging from 700 to 1050 nm using NIRS sensing system. The three major milk quality indicators and SNF were measured using MilkoScan instrument, and SCC was measured using Fossomatic instrument. Calibration models were created using partial least squares regression analysis to validate the models’ precision and accuracy. The milk quality indicators for each milking time were determined by comparing the average predicted milk value and milk yield obtained every 20 seconds with the reference value for one milking time. The results obtained showed that the measurement accuracy for every 20 seconds during milking and at one milking time was very good and comparable. These results demonstrated that the NIR spectroscopic sensing system developed in this study could be used for online milk quality measurement in an automated milking system. The system could provide dairy farmers with information about the milk quality and health condition of each cow during milking, thereby providing them with feedback to improve dairy farm management. By using this NIRS sensing system, dairy farmers would be able to overcome the problem of individual cow management, produce high-quality milk, and achieve precision dairy farming.