Physical exercise is recommended to decrease bone loss in elderly women. Supejump® is a new workout activity performed on a modified elastic mini trampoline that mixes aerobic and anaerobic exercises . The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term effects of training with Supejump® on bone metabolism in women. Twelve women were involved in the study. They performed Supejump®, three times a week, each session lasting 60 mins for a total of 20-weeks. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the 20-weeks of training. The biomarkers of bone resorption (c-terminal telopeptide region of collagen type 1 (β‐CTX)), bone formation (osteocalcin), and calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphate, cortisol, total vitamin D, were analyzed. The β-CTX and PTH were significantly reduced after 20 weeks of Supejump® training while calcitonin, calcium and total vitamin D were increased. These data suggest that the 20-weeks intervention had a high impact in reducing bone resorption and improving bone metabolism. In conclusion Supejump® training may be considered as a valuable intervention to prevent osteoporosis in aging because it improves bone metabolism.

Turkey confirmed its first COVID-19 case on March 11, 2020 and confirmed COVID-19 cases surpassed >10000 in two weeks. Turkish government implemented restrictions including closure of businesses, travel restrictions, and age-based lockdowns as of late March. To battle the ongoing surge in cases, full weekend lockdowns were introduced at metropolitan cities between March 11^th to May 3^rd. As a result of these measures, community mobility in Turkey decreased more than 75%. In this study, air quality of Konya metropolitan city was assessed for PM₁₀ and NO₂ for 4-week periods of April 6^th to May 3^rd in 2017-2020. Hourly concentrations of PM₁₀ and NO₂ were obtained from a national air quality network station and concentrations of these pollutants for the 2020 period compered with the same periods of 2017-2019. Significant declines were observed for PM₁₀ and NO₂ in 2020 period compared with 2017-2019 periods. PM₁₀ concentration was declined 56% in 2020 with absolute decrease of 24.7 µg/m³. NO₂ was also declined significantly with an 84.2% reduction and with absolute decrease of 97.2 µg/m³. Measures taken to battle the COVID-19 virus have decreased the airborne pollutant levels as in many parts have world. Control measures that can keep the air pollution at a sustainable low level need to be taken.

This study conducted to assess and explore the gender-based differences in gross motor skill development of 6-year-old Chinese children. All participants,6 years of age (271 males and 276 females), from 7 kindergartens in Hangzhou, a city of Zhejiang Province, China. Gross motor skills, including six locomotor and seven object control skills, were assessed using the test of gross motor development, third edition (TGMD-3). All subjects performed two trials of each gross motor skill, and the performances were video-recorded and scored. Assessment procedures were performed according to the standardized guidelines of the TGMD-3. The score of locomotor(31.57±5.97) was higher than that of object control(29.09±6.72). Furthermore, boys had significantly higher object-control subtest (p=0.01,) and Gross Motor Skill scores (p=0.032)than girls. In the locomotor test, boys were better than girls in the run(p=0.000) and girls were better than boys in the skip(p0.03).There are significant differences between boys and girls in the test of object control(p=0.001),such as underhand throw(p=0.001),two hand catch(p=0.007),forehand strike self-bounced ball(p=0.043),two-handed strike of a stationary ball(p=0.000),kick a stationary ball(p=0.000),and boys are better than girls. These results are partly consistent with those in other countries and regions but also have local characteristics. There are biological and sociological reasons for the gender differences in fundamental motor skills of 6-year-old children. It is recommended to strengthen the training of girls' object control motor skills and improve the moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) among females.

Introduction. Nursing Stress Scale (NSS) by Gray-Toft and Anderson (1981) specifically assesses the stress experienced by nurses. This scale has been widely used and it has been evaluated in different countries. It consists of 34 items that evaluates different stressful situations that nurses typically suffer in their job. Items are divided into 7 subscales (Death and dying patients, conflict with physicians, inadequate preparation, lack of staff support, conflict with other nurses, workload and uncertainty concerning treatment). Method. The sample consists of 180 nurses working in a public hospital answering a set of questions related to the NSS, job satisfaction and engagement. Results. After confirming a high reliability in both the general scale and the subscales, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed a seven-factor structure. Evidence of the convergent and divergent validity of the seven subscales was provided by the variable job satisfaction, inasmuch as engagement was not related to the subscales “death and dying patients” and “lack of staff support”. Discriminant validity (age) showed that the correlations were significant except for “lack of staff support” in the case of nurses under 42 years old. Discussion: Nursing is a profession that suffer stressful situations and it is important to have valid and reliable instruments that provide a good evaluation of that variable in a Spanish sample. The structure of the scale was replicated and NSS is confirmed as a good scale to evaluate stress in nurses.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of potentially pathogenic mould and yeast-like fungi in the air in 5 seaside towns and cities between 2014 and 2017 and in 2018 when an emergency drop of crude sewage took place in the Gdańsk Gulf.

Materials and methods: Between 2014 and 2018 from Spring until Summer, 88 atmospheric air samples were collected within the area of 5 seaside towns and cities in the Gdańsk Gulf, including Hel, Puck, Gdynia, Sopot and Gdańsk-Brzeźno. The air was collected using the SAS Super ISO 100 sampler (Italy). The number of mould and yeast-like fungi was evaluated in the samples of atmospheric air using chloramphenicol-containing (YGC) and CHROM agar Candida media. The plates with media were incubated at 28 °C for 5 days. The number of colony forming units (CFU/m³) was calculated from the number of airborne fungi.

Results: In 2018 after an emergency discharge of sewage, a greater but statistically insignificant (p>0.05) number of mould and yeast-like fungi was found in the air in Hel, Puck, Sopot and Gdańsk-Brzeźno compared to 2014-2017 while no breakdown of the sewage treatment plant occurred. The Friedman test was used to investigate differences between the number of mould and yeast-like fungi, and a particular year of air sample collection in the studied seaside towns and cities. In 2018 potentially pathogenic and allergenic mould and yeast-like fungi were detected in the tested air, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Stachobytrys chartarum, Alternaria alternata and Candida sp. On the other hand, between 2014 and 2017 the above-mentioned species, which were detected in 2018, were not found. Moreover, by using the analysis of the contingency tables, with the indication of Pearson’s remainder values, it was demonstrated that the mean number of mould and yeast-like fungi in the respective years of the sample collection was close to the expected value in the seaside towns and cities such as Hel, Puck, Sopot and Gdańsk-Brzeźno. The result was statistically significant (p<2.22·10^-16). The presence of statistically significant correlations between the number of mould and yeast-like fungi, and a relative humidity (p=0.009), wind velocity (p=0.002) and wind direction (p=0.007) have also been demonstrated.

Conclusions: It suggests that the detected species of mould fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, Stachobytrys chartarum, Alternaria alternata) and yeast-like fungi (Candida sp.) after the failure of the sewage treatment plant can bring a health-related risk for people bathing in the seaside resorts. In the case of a raw sewage drop into the water it is advised that residents, especially children, the elderly and immunodeficient people, should be informed of the potential harmful effects to their health.

The pandemic has dealt a severe blow to everyone, but especially to people with previous vulnerabilities, such as people with lived experience of mental health problems. Studies on the increased incidence of all types of mental disorders have been published incessantly since the beginning of the pandemic. However, not much has been said about the impact of the pandemic in terms of their rights, normally diminished by stigma and social discrimination. The full inclusion of people with lived experience of mental health problems as full citizens is a limitation in all societies, and it implies a burden in their recovery journeys. In these pandemic times we think the rights of persons with lived experience of mental health problems deserves special attention. In this presentation we will consider possible violations of rights that have occurred in the pandemic context but also samples of individual and collective resilience that have helped maintain well-being among this group of people.

Background: Exposure to parks and other residential green spaces have been associated with better physical and mental wellbeing in later life. However, there is limited evidence about their role during the COVID-19 pandemic when public health efforts to contain the virus have included shelter-in-place orders and restrictions of movement. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences and perceptions of older adults regarding the role of nature, green and blue spaces for supporting wellbeing during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US.

Methods: We utilized data from the COVID-19 Coping Study, a longitudinal mixed-methods study of US adults aged over 55. Participants were recruited between April and May 2020 using online multi-frame non-probability sampling (n= 6938). A list of keywords screened open-ended questions and created a qualitative database for the present study, including all responses that relate to participants’ experiences, attitudes and behaviours about engaging with green/blue spaces and nature during the pandemic (n=769). Analysis is ongoing utilizing NVivo12 software following Braun and Clarke’s steps for thematic analysis.

Results: Preliminary results suggest that during the implementation of public health restrictions, participants purposefully engaged with nature and green/blue spaces in diverse ways. For instance, through garden views from a household window, tending to potted flowers on a balcony, or taking long walks in a nearby park. Older adults appreciated that outdoor spaces provided opportunities for exercising, social interaction and maintaining a routine at a safe physical distance from others, which boosted their social, mental and physical wellbeing.

Conclusion: Our preliminary findings indicate that for older adults, nature and green/blue spaces play an influential role in coping with the negative effects of the COVID-19 restrictions. Understanding these therapeutic landscapes provides opportunities to develop or adapt community and environmental interventions that promote the health and wellbeing of older people during pandemics and their aftermath.

Introduction: Delivery drivers were classified as a key worker group during the 1st UK COVID-19 lockdown. Whilst those delivering essential goods had their permitted driving hours extended, due to a relaxation in UK driving rules, others employed by the hospitality sector were placed on the Government’s job retention scheme (furlough). This study investigated the differences in this situation (furlough vs non-furlough) on lifestyle health-related behaviours and mental health symptoms in a sample of UK-based truck drivers.

Methods: An online survey was administered to drivers (between May and July 2020) participating in the ongoing ‘Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT)’ trial. Participants self-reported their furlough status, sleep duration, alcohol intake, frequency of spending time in nature and whether they had engaged in any new forms of physical activity. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale measured anxiety and depression symptoms. Between group comparisons were undertaken using Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared tests.

Results: 89 participants (40% response rate from those invited, mean age: 51 years, BMI: 29.8 kg/m², 100% male) completed the survey. 43 (48%) reported being furloughed. There were no significant differences in anxiety (U=868) and depression (U=960) symptom scores between furloughed and non-furloughed drivers (p >.05). Furloughed drivers reported a longer sleep duration (mean±SD: 7.5±1.3 vs 6.3±0.8 hours/night, U=473, p <.001), an increased frequency of spending time in nature (2.5±1.1 vs 1.6±1.4 times/week, U=646, p <.05) and were more likely to engage in a new form of physical activity compared to non-furloughed drivers (18% vs 7%, X²=6.3, p <.005). No differences in alcohol intake were observed between groups (p >.05).

Discussion: This study shows that a higher proportion of positive lifestyle behavioural choices were made in furloughed drivers during the lockdown, which if sustained, could lead to health improvements in this traditionally at-risk occupational group.

In this COVID-19 era, people are expected to boost their immunity by doing healthy lifestyle. Exercise has been shown to have clear health benefits for healthy individuals. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic limits our outdoor activities to prevent the corona virus spread. This research aims to analyze how COVID-19 affects people's exercise. Using online survey, we collected data from 309 people who are currently exercising. The result shows good effect of COVID-19 on people's sports activities. Most respondents are men (61%), 20-29 years old (69%), have higher education (74%), and living in Java Island (76%). Half of the respondents who already exercise before the COVID-19 pandemic change their sports activities better, increasing duration and the sport type. Maintaining immune system function becomes the main reason people exercise intensively or even start making this habit (16,9%). More than half respondents do their sports activities (running (42%) and sports games (40%)) outside their house, both indoor (25%) and outdoor (28%). Most respondents exercises 30-60 minutes, once or twice a week. As a result, they feel more vital, both physically and mentally. COVID-19 pandemic can be a good momentum to promote sports activities as the part of healthy lifestyle. However, health protocol to prevent corona virus spread must be strengthened since many people are already exercising outside their home.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the number of individuals working under precarious work conditions. Precarious work captures the structural, financial, and social conditions that make work uncertain/unstable and workers vulnerable to mistreatment at work. Our purpose in the current study was to examine the consequences of precarious work conditions for the pandemic. In particular, building on the idea of precarious work as a condition that limits agency and engenders fear, we examined whether precarious workers were more likely to attend work while ill in general and, more specifically, while having the COVID-19 virus (i.e., presenteeism).

Study: In an on-going multi-wave longitudinal study, we surveyed 300 employees working fully on-site (i.e., in person) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: Multiple regression results from the first two waves revealed that worker vulnerability significantly predicted three sickness presenteeism variables (measured in terms of number of days): general presenteeism (going to work sick) (lagged b = 1.63, SE = .56, p < .01), presenteeism with confirmed or suspected case of COVID (lagged b = .94, SE = .38, p < .05), and going to work when a contact had a case of COVID (lagged b = 1.21, SE = .50, p < .05). Affective job insecurity significantly predicted secondary presenteeism, sending a sick child to school or daycare (lagged b = 1.04, SE = .38, p < .01). Our results further revealed that personal benefit from the organization’s COVID policies significantly moderated the relation between affective job insecurity and secondary presenteeism (p<.05). At each survey wave, 5-7% reported going to work with a confirmed/possible COVID case, 9-10% reported going to work despite a close contact with a confirmed/possible COVID case, and 11-15% reported sending a child to school or daycare sick.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that precarious work is a risk factor to virus spread.