Alzheimer’s disease represents a growing global challenge not only for healthcare systems but also for families who assume primary caregiving responsibilities. Beyond its medical implications, the disease generates significant social and economic pressures that reshape household dynamics and long-term financial stability. This study explores the social and economic burden experienced by families caring for individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Using a socio-analytical approach based on secondary data and the existing literature, the paper examines both direct costs (medical treatment, medication, and specialized services) and indirect costs (loss of income, reduced working hours, emotional strain, and social isolation). Particular attention is given to the impact of informal caregiving on employment trajectories and gender disparities within households. The analysis highlights that families often compensate for insufficient institutional support by absorbing financial and emotional responsibilities, increasing vulnerability, especially among middle- and low-income households. The findings suggest that Alzheimer’s disease should be addressed not solely as a medical condition but as a complex social issue requiring integrated public policy responses. Strengthening community-based services, financial assistance programs, and caregiver support mechanisms is essential to mitigate long-term social inequality and prevent economic marginalization. By framing Alzheimer’s disease within a broader socio-economic context, this study contributes to ongoing discussions about sustainable social protection systems in aging societies.

Introduction – The dissemination of fictional content about criminal investigations across various platforms has led to the creation of the “CSI effect,” inflating public expectations and shaping misconceptions about forensic science. This study investigates whether targeted, narrative-driven workshops demonstrating the role of technologies in criminal investigations can counteract these unrealistic expectations and foster accurate technological literacy.

Methods – Two sequential workshops were delivered to adult learners. Workshop 1 focused on the application of data science techniques such as web-scraping and data visualization in criminal investigations alongside their ethical implications. Similarly, workshop 2 introduced artificial intelligence techniques and three-dimensional crime scene reconstruction within an immersive virtual environment. Both sessions employed interactive, scenario-based activities and encouraged participants to apply concepts to simulated investigative cases. Pre- and post-workshop surveys measured changes in participants’ perceived understanding of forensic technologies, critical thinking confidence, and attitudes toward forensic realism. Feedback was collected through question–answer sessions and open-ended questionnaire items.

Results – Post-workshop responses indicated a significant increase in accurate knowledge of demonstrated AI-driven technologies and a reduction in exaggerated expectations of forensic speed and certainty. Participants highlighted the value of customized content, hands-on interaction, and narrative framing. The format aligned with andragogical principles, leveraging prior experience and promoting self-directed learning, which participants reported as enhancing relevance and retention.

Conclusions – Narrative-centric, interactive workshops effectively mitigate the CSI effect by improving technological literacy, ethical awareness, and realistic expectations among adult learners. Integrating these pedagogical strategies into forensic education and public outreach can strengthen science communication and promote informed discourse on the capabilities and limits of modern crime-investigation technologies.

Introduction
This study examines the intergenerational effects of maternal education on early childhood development in Turkey. The analysis is grounded in human capital theory and models of intergenerational transmission, which posit that parental education shapes child outcomes through investments, preferences, and resource allocation. In particular, the mechanism analysis is theoretically grounded by the human capital transmission framework of Currie and Moretti (2003), which highlights resource-based and preference-based channels. The 1997 Turkish Compulsory Schooling Law (CSL), which extended mandatory education from five to eight years, provides exogenous variation in maternal schooling to test these theoretical predictions.

Method
Using the 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS), the study implements a sharp regression discontinuity design (RDD) based on the January 1987 birth cutoff determining CSL exposure. The running variable is month–year of birth, and local linear regressions with optimal bandwidth selection estimate the causal impact of policy-induced maternal education on children’s sociocognitive and physical outcomes. To explain the observed effects, the mechanism analysis operationalizes the resource and preference channels by examining: (i) maternal health behaviors and knowledge; (ii) parenting practices ; (iii) household financial resources; and (iv) fertility behaviors.

Results
Increased maternal education improves children’s sociocognitive skills and physical health, reducing stunting and increasing birth weight and better antropometric scores. Sociocognitive gains are concentrated among rural-origin mothers, while physical improvements are stronger among urban-origin mothers. Effects are amplified when maternal grandmothers are educated. The mechanisms appear to operate primarily through improvements in maternal health behaviors and knowledge—such as earlier and higher-quality prenatal care and greater exposure to informational resources—and through enhanced parenting practices, particularly substantial reductions in child neglect and more attentive supervision.

Conclusion
Policy-driven expansions in female education generate substantial intergenerational returns. By identifying the theoretical channels through which maternal schooling affects child development, the study highlights how educational reforms shape long-run human capital formation across generations.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has changed social institutions, introducing new opportunities, as well as new threats, to the field of criminal responsibility that have never been previously witnessed. The more AI systems work beyond national borders, be it in financial, healthcare, educational, or governmental fields, the more they allow offences that are difficult to conceptualize in terms of liability, jurisdiction, and accountability. In this paper, the dynamics of cross-border criminal responsibility during the era of AI are viewed through the lens of how the law and the institutions of society have to evolve to accommodate AI-assisted crimes. The study employs a theoretical, normative, and interdisciplinary methodology, combining jurisprudence with social science perspectives to analyze institutional trust, human behavior, and global governance. The analysis begins by placing AI in transnational contexts where crimes like online fraud, deepfaking, and algorithmic bias are not limited by national borders and destroy the integrity of institutions. Legal principles cannot be used to reflect the socio-political aspects of such offences, and therefore, social science perspectives should be integrated. Social institutions such as courts, regulatory authorities, education systems and community organizations are places of vulnerability and sources of resilience. Their role needs interdisciplinary studies that involve combining jurisprudence with knowledge about human behaviors, institutional trust, and global governance. Three dimensions are examined, namely, the attribution of criminal responsibility in cases where AI systems behave autonomously or in a manner that cannot be predicted by their designers; second, conflicts of jurisdiction and enforcing cross-border, diffuse, and decentralized offences; and third, the part played by social institutions in setting ethical standards, building accountability, and enforcing justice. Finally, the paper proceeds to advance the position that AI needs to engage in transnational collaboration, interdisciplinary dialogue, and rights-oriented approaches. Societies can only address the disruptive potential of AI by introducing justice and accountability into social institutions and protecting cross-border resilience and trust.

Introduction: In many societies, care and support responsibilities are primarily located within the family rather than formal welfare systems, rendering family responsibility a moral and self-governing obligation. While prior research has examined normative expectations surrounding family responsibility, limited attention has been given to the internal moral processes through which such expectations become psychologically consequential. Drawing on theories of moral regulation and self-governance, this study conceptualizes family responsibility as a sequential moral process involving perceived family normative pressure, internalization of moral obligation, and moral self-surveillance.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among working-age adults in Pakistan (N = 370). Standardized measures were used to assess perceived family normative pressure, moral obligation internalization, moral self-surveillance, behavioral self-regulation, and moral role strain. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized sequential relationships among these constructs and to examine both direct and indirect effects.

Results: Perceived family normative pressure was positively associated with moral obligation internalization, which in turn significantly predicted moral self-surveillance. Moral self-surveillance was positively related to both behavioral self-regulation and moral role strain, indicating a dual outcome of moral self-governance. Indirect effects supported the sequential mediation model.

Conclusion: The findings conceptualize family responsibility as a dynamic moral process rather than a simple normative influence. The study highlights the ambivalent consequences of moral self-governance, demonstrating that the same internal regulatory mechanism can simultaneously produce disciplined behavior and psychological strain.

Introduction: Living with a parent with mental illness can bring up unique challenges. Children living with parental mental illness are considered a high-risk group for developing mental illness. The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions of adult offspring of a parent with severe mental illness (SMI) on the needs of children (0-18 years). Methods: We conducted five in-depth interviews with young caregivers aged between 19 and 25 years with a parent diagnosed with SMI, receiving treatment from a tertiary mental health institute in Assam, Northeast India. Based on their experience of growing up as a child of a parent with SMI, they were asked to reflect on the needs of children whose parent has been diagnosed with a mental illness. Atlas Ti software was used to generate codes and for thematic analysis. Results: Findings are discussed under the following five themes: (i) Support towards managing early responsibilities, (ii) Managing normal education and life trajectories, (iii) Stigma and its role in their lives, (iv) Enhancement of knowledge of parental mental illness, and (v) Management of Distress. Conclusion: Our findings underscore the need to include the perspectives of child/young adult caregivers in family interventions to address their needs and support comprehensive mental health service delivery.

This paper presents a critical inquiry into the intersection of Katharine Jenkins’ theory of ontic injustice and the phenomenon of media trials involving female offenders within the socio-legal landscape. While conventional legal critiques of trial by media largely concentrate on the erosion of the presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial, this research adopts a feminist ontological lens to argue that women in high-profile criminal cases suffer a deeper harm: the wrongful social reconstruction of their identity.

Through a qualitative analysis of contemporary cases, this paper demonstrates how media narratives operate as mechanisms that distort facts and shape public perception. By invoking gendered stereotypes and culturally entrenched notions of femininity, the media does not merely report alleged conduct; it recategorizes the accused into a stigmatized social kind. This paper contends that such ontic injustice functions as both an institutional and social barrier, pre-empting legal outcomes by securing a moral conviction in the court of public opinion through the reinforcement of gendered expectations. Consequently, the female accused is subjected to a dual trial—one before a court of law and another before society.

This paper further examines the institutional limitations in addressing ontic injustice. It scrutinizes the capacity of the judicial system to mitigate the prejudicial impact of sensationalist reporting, particularly where such narratives resonate with deeply embedded socio-cultural misogynistic beliefs. The analysis reveals a systemic tension: although the accused is formally recognized as a legal subject entitled to procedural safeguards, she is simultaneously reduced by media discourse to a deviant entity. This dissonance has implications for her prospects of reformation and social reintegration.

Ultimately, this paper argues that meaningful reform requires moving beyond procedural protections alone and confronting the underlying social constructs that enable the media to transform a female accused into a ‘social convict’ prior to judicial determination.

Introduction:
The rapid expansion of digital technologies has fundamentally transformed how knowledge is produced, accessed, and circulated in contemporary society. Technologies such as the internet, artificial intelligence, big data, and information and communication technologies (ICTs) have reshaped social interaction, learning environments, and information ecosystems. Within this evolving digital landscape, libraries are undergoing significant institutional and functional transformations. No longer confined to their traditional role as custodians of printed collections, libraries increasingly operate as knowledge infrastructures that mediate among technology, information access, and social participation. Understanding this transformation is essential for examining how technological change influences knowledge systems and social inclusion.

Methods:
This study adopts a conceptual and analytical approach drawing on perspectives from information science, social informatics, and the sociology of technology. It is based on a structured review of relevant literature, with sources selected according to their relevance to digital transformation, libraries, and knowledge societies. The selected literature was systematically analysed to identify key themes, theoretical perspectives, and ongoing debates related to the evolving role of libraries in contemporary knowledge environments.

Results:
The analysis indicates that libraries have become central actors in facilitating equitable access to digital information and knowledge resources. By integrating digital repositories, online databases, and networked information systems, libraries support research, education, and public knowledge dissemination. Furthermore, libraries play a crucial role in addressing the digital divide by promoting digital literacy, providing access to technological infrastructure, and enabling inclusive participation in the information society. However, challenges related to digital inequality, information overload, misinformation, and data governance continue to shape the evolving role of libraries in technologically mediated environments.

Conclusion:
Libraries function as critical intermediaries between technological innovation and societal knowledge needs. Strengthening library-based digital infrastructures, information literacy initiatives, and inclusive access policies is essential for ensuring that technological progress contributes to equitable knowledge production and informed civic participation in the digital age.

In October 2020, police auxiliaries, locally known as the Special Constabularies, were formally introduced into the Nigerian policing landscape to assist regular police officers in performing some law enforcement duties. Therefore, guided by the tenets of contingency theory, this paper critically discusses the status of police auxiliaries in Nigeria, focusing on the recorded gains and the gaps in practice associated with their emergence. This paper argues that the use of police auxiliaries for police work in Nigeria has proven to be beneficial in certain respects, such as the alleviation of the human resources deficit within the police workforce, the promotion of community policing, the strengthening of police intelligence gathering, and the enhancement of public compliance with policing efforts. However, the recruitment of this category of officers has also had some far-reaching consequences for policing and the public image of the Nigeria Police Force as a law enforcement agency due to some operational gaps in practice such as remuneration issues, the recruitment of individuals with questionable character, the involvement of some auxiliaries in unethical conduct, and the exposure of auxiliary officers to hazardous situations in the line of duty. Therefore, to fully reap the potential that is embedded in the recruitment of auxiliary officers for policing in Nigeria, the problems that have manifested as a result of the identified operational gaps in practice need to be holistically addressed.

This study examines the readiness of healthcare human resources to support the digitalization of health services in Banten Province, Indonesia. The research aims to identify effective strategies for implementing digital health systems while assessing the preparedness of medical personnel and the challenges affecting digital transformation in healthcare services.

A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, utilizing both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews involving 120 respondents (health service managers, medical personnel, and representatives from regional government agencies). The sampling technique applied was purposive sampling, with selection criteria based on respondents’ roles, experience in healthcare service delivery, and involvement in digital health initiatives. Secondary data were obtained from regional development planning documents, policy regulations, and official reports related to health digital transformation in Banten Province.

Data analysis was conducted using Root Cause Analysis (RCA) to identify fundamental issues affecting digital readiness, and SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) to formulate strategic recommendations. Data triangulation was applied to ensure validity by comparing findings from interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis.

Findings reveal that the distribution of healthcare workers across Banten Province is uneven, with most medical personnel concentrated in urban areas such as Tangerang and South Tangerang, while remote regions like Pandeglang and Lebak experience shortages. In addition, digital readiness among health facilities and personnel varies significantly. Major barriers include inadequate digital infrastructure, limited internet stability, low digital literacy among health workers, insufficient IT personnel, and a lack of structured training programs. These factors hinder the optimal adoption of telemedicine, electronic medical records, and integrated health information systems.

The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analysis of human resource readiness, digital literacy, and institutional capacity within the context of regional health digitalization in Banten Province. However, the study is limited by its qualitative scope and reliance on perception-based data from selected health facilities. Future research should incorporate quantitative assessments and broader regional comparisons to strengthen empirical evidence. Policy recommendations include expanding digital training for healthcare workers, improving incentives and distribution policies for medical personnel in remote areas, strengthening digital infrastructure, and enhancing collaboration between government, healthcare institutions, and technology providers.