A key mechanism for cycling chemical compounds between natural reservoirs is the atmospheric deposition, and it could provide valuable information on air quality and apportion of pollution sources. In this context, we investigated the influence of natural and anthropogenic sources on bulk atmospheric deposition chemistry in the Lavras city, South of Minas Gerais, a Brazilian area with rural background. A dataset of 66 bulk samples were collected from November 2017 until October 2019 and major ionic species were quantified by ionic chromatography. To attend the quality criteria suggested by the World Meteorological Organization, the ion balance was calculated and 58 samples were validated. The pH values ranged from 5.52 to 8.46, with an average of 5.99 and most deposition samples (~98%) were alkaline (pH > 5.60). For the whole sampling campaign, the ions profile in volume weighted mean (VWM) was described as follows: Ca²⁺ (45.7) > Cl^- (19.1) > Na⁺ (16.6) > NH₄⁺ (14.4) > Mg²⁺ (12.8) > NO₃^- (9.46) > K⁺ (5.48) > F^- (4.00) > SO₄^2- (3.88) > HCO₂^- (1.92) > C₂H₃O₂^- (1.41) > C₂O₄^2- (1.26) > H⁺ (0.77) µmolL^-1. We identified Ca²⁺ as the most predominant specie accounting for 33% of the total ionic species distribution. In order to identify the sources and atmospheric processes for the ionic compounds, we applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA produced 4 significant principal components, which explained 80% of the data variation. In general, the analysis suggested different scenarios for the sources, such as soil, agricultural activity, cement manufacturing and atmospheric processes neutralization. As perspective, we intend to perform Kruskal–Wallis tests to assess the temporal and seasonal variability of the major ionic species. In addition, to apply Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model to identify pollutants sources and their relative contributions.

Previous climatologies of blocking from this group using a one-dimensional index showed that in the Northern Hemisphere, blocking onsets occurred primarily in the Pacific Ocean region, the Eastern Atlantic, and over continental Asia. In the Southern Hemisphere, the western and eastern Pacific are the two active regions for block onset. The development of technologies such as Geographic Information System (GIS) visualization software, have made ingesting data and then rendering it on a map has become easier and faster. This research group has previously not archived the latitude of onset making a comparison of onset locations with 2-D indexes difficult. Now, the onset latitude is provided on the University of Missouri Blocking Archive. This work shows that the blocking onset regions are roughly consistent with those found by 2-D indexes, but there are some key differences based on the differences in the information presented. Here, block onset locations are slightly equatorward and upstream of those presented in 2-D indexes. Additionally, there are some differences in the onset locations for more persistent blocks and stronger blocks versus their less persistent and weaker counterparts.

Atmospheric blocking plays an important role in modulating mid-latitude weather, in particular in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Trend analysis of atmospheric blocking for both hemispheres by using Şen’s Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) is performed in this study. The blocking data archived in University of Missouri covers period of 1968 – 2019 for NH and 1970 – 2019 for Southern Hemisphere is used in the study. Block occurrence, duration and blocking intensity (BI) is analysed by classifying the NH (SH) into three groups according to the preferred blocking locations: Atlantic, Pacific and Continental (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian). In NH, blocking intensity showed mixed results. It has decreasing trend for the entire hemisphere and Atlantic Region whilst different trend for different BI clusters. For blocking numbers and duration, the entire hemisphere and regions showed increasing trends. These increasing trend values are also statistically significant. In SH, blocking intensity shows a decreasing trend for low cluster whilst medium and high cluster for the entire hemisphere. Block duration has an increasing trend for the entire SH. Block numbers have increasing trend except one point in low cluster. Blocking characteristics show different trends for different preferred blocking locations. Increasing trends of blocking numbers for overall SH and Pacific region are statistically significant at 95% level. Increasing trends of blocking duration for overall SH, Atlantic and Pacific region are statistically significant at 90%, 95% and 95% level, respectively.

This paper aims to highlight in a unique way the effects on sustainable agricultural systems due to the global growth of the development of the communications system. From the very beginning, we discussed the disruptions of climate change and, in particular, the risk of disaster, which causes long academic debates, electromagnetic radiation. During the study we conducted empirical research using the wide range of receptors and detailed dermination bridge, we used quantitative methods to collect the processes and analyze the data and information incorporated to formulate observations and conclusions. The aim of this paper is to highlight an assessment for obtaining an answer to the possible causes of climate disturbances in agriculture, given the epistemic uncertainty. Mainly, we will reflect the effects that interfere with the level of electromagnetic radiation produced by antennas, Opening advanced technologies with new satellite capabilities is expensive, so now the density of high power data transmissions useful in digital agriculture is the technical solution of operators empirical research experimentally analyzes the data we collect in the statistical monitoring of electromagnetic waves, to what extent these electromagnetic radiation affect agricultural systems concerned with trying to sequester C from the soil and reduce greenhouse effects. The paper defines and presents the evolution of the impact of new technologies developed in order to facilitate the implementation of intelligent agricultural solutions, admitting that the opening of new technologies facilitates the creation of the economically and socially interconnected global community (Mc Luchan, 1965).

Taking into account the intensification of the use of digital agriculture, the analysis proposed for research is a topic of updating and in this sense it is necessary that this research be analyzed from environmental perspectives

This paper aims to highlight in a unique way the effects on sustainable agricultural systems due to the global growth of the development of the communications system. From the very beginning, we discussed the disruptions of climate change and, in particular, the risk of disaster, which causes long academic debates, electromagnetic radiation. During the study we conducted empirical research using the wide range of receptors and detailed dermination bridge, we used quantitative methods to collect the processes and analyze the data and information incorporated to formulate observations and conclusions. The aim of this paper is to highlight an assessment for obtaining an answer to the possible causes of climate disturbances in agriculture, given the epistemic uncertainty. Mainly, we will reflect the effects that interfere with the level of electromagnetic radiation produced by antennas, Opening advanced technologies with new satellite capabilities is expensive, so now the density of high power data transmissions useful in digital agriculture is the technical solution of operators empirical research experimentally analyzes the data we collect in the statistical monitoring of electromagnetic waves, to what extent these electromagnetic radiation affect agricultural systems concerned with trying to sequester C from the soil and reduce greenhouse effects. The paper defines and presents the evolution of the impact of new technologies developed in order to facilitate the implementation of intelligent agricultural solutions, admitting that the opening of new technologies facilitates the creation of the economically and socially interconnected global community (Mc Luchan, 1965). Taking into account the intensification of the use of digital agriculture, the analysis proposed for research is a topic of updating and in this sense it is necessary that this research be analyzed from environmental perspective

The meteorological situations in Tomsk (Russia, Western Siberia), accompanied by the occurrence of weak (less than 1 m/s) and strong winds (leading to the occurrence of wind gusts above 11 m/s), are considered. To study these phenomena, the meteorological equipment of the “Atmosphere” (Research Equipment Sharing Center of the V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch) and numerical mesoscale meteorological and photochemical models developed at Tomsk State University, were used.
When analyzing the results of observations in 2019 and in 2020, the dates (cases) were selected when the considered meteorological phenomena manifested themselves most significantly. For light wind conditions, the TSUNM3 meteorological model confirmed the periods of the day when the observed wind velocity did not exceed 1 m / s. The using of a photochemical mesoscale model for the conditions of the Tomsk city confirmed the relationship between a weak near surface wind and a deterioration in the urban air quality. For strong wind conditions, the calculated wind velocity values change synchronously with the actual values measured both at the “Atmosphere” and at the civil aeronautical meteorological station of the Bogashevo airport, located at a distance of 18 km from Tomsk.

The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no.19-71-20042). Experimental data used for comparison with model calculations were obtained with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project no.AAAA-A17-117021310142-5).