2-Furfuraldehide, commonly known as Furfural, is a product of the hydrolysis and dehydration of pentose carbohydrates contained in lignocellulosic. Furfural is currently a commodity chemical, identified as one of the most promising chemical platforms directly derived from biomass, to produce chemicals, biofuels, and additives. Wood scraps are a good source of natural pentoses that contains up to 25%. Taking this into account, the goal of the research was to evaluate the recovery of furfural from wood scraps. The process of recovery of furfural was carried out by acid catalyzed pentoses dehydration, associated with a hydrodistillation. As a catalyst, we used a solution of hydrochloric acid of 10 wt. %. The physicochemical analysis of the samples obtained allowed to characterize and evaluate the recovery process. The results showed that under the experimental conditions evaluated, the degree of recovery of furfural was about 8-10%.

Azide derivatives of isatins were the needed initial materials for click chemistry in order to form 1,2,3-triazoles in order to synthesize the hybrid compounds of 1,2,3-triazole−isatin having monosaccharide moieties. Required substituted isatin were prepared according to Sandmeyer method from corresponding subsituted anilines. N-(ω-Bromoalkyl)isatins were prepared by nucleophilic reaction S_N2 of (un)substituted isatins with appropriate dibromoalkanes. Some ω-azidoalkylisatins were synthesized by reaction of corresponding ω-bromoalkylisatins with sodium azide. The reactions were performed in dry DMF as solvent in the presence of K₂CO₃ as base and KI as promotive agent. Product yields achived 30−85%.

In this study, Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTA)-functionalized gum (Cherry gum) (gum-Pr-BTA), as a novel nanocatalyst was prepared. This novel nanocatalyst was used for the expeditious and efficient synthesis of 1,4-polyhydroquinoline derivatives, as an important pharmaceutical scaffold, in ethanol reflux conditions. This method has several advantages such as high yields, low catalyst loading, short reaction times, and simple workup and could be used up to five reaction cycles without a noticeable decrease in catalytic activity.

Novel melamine functionalized gum (gum@Melamine) is synthesized, and its catalytic performance is investigated in the oxidation of benzyl alcohols. The gum@Melamine was prepared through grafting of 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane on gum followed by treatment with melamine. The synthesized gum@Melamine was used to achieve an effective and selective method for the oxidation of different alcohols. All substituted benzyl alcohols were oxidized in good yields under mild conditions at room temperature. This gum@Melamine has great stability and could be recycled five times without noteworthy loss of activity.

In the present investigation, an efficient heterogeneous catalyst system made of polyaniline derived polymer (Poly [anthranilic acid]-[N-(1′,3′-phenylenediamino) −3-butane sulfonate]), and iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs), is presented. Firstly, this novel-designed catalytic system (Fe₃O₄@Polyaniline-SO₃H) has been fabricated via a convenience method and magnetized via an in situ process. The as-prepared solid acid catalyst was also carefully analyzed by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It has been suitably applied for the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of acridinediones as an important class of heterocyclic compounds. As the first and foremost advantage of this catalytic system, this can be referred to that the (Fe₃O₄@Polyaniline-SO₃H) is magnetically separated from the reaction mixture through their high paramagnetic behavior. The main attractive characteristics of the presented green protocol are very short reaction times, excellent yields, and the avoidance of hazardous or toxic reagents and solvents. Easy separation, high reusability, cost-effective and mild catalyst are important advantages of the new catalyst in comparison to other catalysts for the synthesis of acridinedione derivatives via one-pot four-component reaction.

We have efficiently synthesized mono as well as bis and also spirocyclic products of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) by refluxing a reaction mixture of the three components in Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) to generating “libraries from libraries”. Synthesized spirofused heterotricyclic compounds containing urea moiety is potent against bacteria. Overall antibacterial study, from the synthesised compounds. Some of 3, 4–dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones compounds were found to possess anti-bacterial efficacy.

CDKs are pivotal mediators essential for the cellular cycle progression. CDKs have relatively constant levels, and their activity is regulated by cyclins, proteins whose concentrations fluctuate during each cell cycle. Consequently, more CDK family members were found that occupy crucial functions in a variety of processes. Moreover, CKS2 is a member of the CDK family, which has been implicated in several malignancies as an oncogene. Additionally, CKS2 is engaged in many biological processes, including the cell cycle transition. CKS2 may act synergistically to promote embryonic development and somatic cell division. Current CDK2 drugs, however, also suppress CDK1, posing a toxicity risk. Investigators demonstrated that the potential conformational maps of cyclin-free CDK1 and CDK2 exhibit slight but substantial differences. The CDK1 unique characteristics may be used to distinguish it from other CDKs in prospective cancer treatment design. Computational-based in silico docking investigations were performed to uncover promising CDK1/Cks2 (6GU7) inhibitors utilizing the Maestro tool. Curcumin, quercetin, withanolide, and genistein were selected against the protein CDK1/Cks2 for protein-ligand XP docking. The physicochemical, lipophilicity, water-solubility, pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, medicinal chemistry, and toxicological properties were analyzed using SwissADME and pkCSM of the selected ligands. Curcumin exerted an excellent docking score complexed with 6GU7 compared to other ligands. The revealed hit may be a potent inhibitor of 6GU7. However, it will require to be assessed extensively in vivo and in vitro experimental models.

The initial results on a novel procedure for the synthesis of benzo[b]carbazols via gold(I)- catalyzed tandem cyclization/Migration/cyclization is described. The procedure allowed the access to a highly functionalized benzo[b]carbazols in a one-pot process starting from tertiary anilines. The mechanism of this reaction by using gold(I) catalysis, interestingly proceeded via 5-endo-dig cyclization with successively migration of benzyl substituent on 2 and 3 position of indole, leading to the formation of benzyl substituted indole derivatives which is confirmed by ¹H, ¹³C and NOE spectrum. Based on this experimental part of our initial results, we started DFT-study based on wb97xd/3-21g* level for fukui-functions and chemical shift of ¹H,¹³C-NMR-calculations for Comparative study of Experimental and theoretical calculations.

The yellow-legged Asian hornet (AH) (Vespa velutina Lepeletier 1836 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)) is naturally distributed in China, Southeast Asia and India; however it was detected outside of its native area, concretly in South Korea, Europe and Japan. The species has subsequently expanded its range resulting in frequent stinging incidents, being the most common cause of anaphylaxis due to hymenopterans in some European regions. Health risks and deaths caused by AH stings have become a public health concern. From the medical community there is a literal appeal to the need to possess AH venom extracts for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In the present work, a straightforward, quick and inexpensive method for obtaining AH venom by electric stimulation is described. The venom extracts were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), confirming the nature of the obtained material. The availability of AH venom will lead to improve diagnostic and therapeutic methods in patients with allergy to this invasive species.

New 2-pyridone derivatives were hemi-synthetised in situ using essential oils of endemic Algerian plants; Ammodaucus Leucotrichus and eucalyptus citriodora as source of chiral aldehydes (perillaldehyde and citronellal respectively). The one pot reaction was carried out in Ethanol including cyanoacetohydrazide, essential oil, and malononitrile.The reaction mixture was catalysed by potassium carbonate. In the present work; two new compounds of highly functionalized 2-pyridones were obtained as privileged medicinal scaffolds.The structures of 2-pyridone derivatives were confirmed by NMR¹H, ¹³C and 2D.