Farmers widely use malathion, even in households, and significant amounts of seep through groundwater and effluent wastewater. It is toxic to animal and human life. Hence its removal from wastewater is necessary. Here, we report the applicability of hydroxyapatite as a catalyst in the UV-light-assisted degradation of malathion. The hydroxyapatite was synthesized via calcination from milkfish (MF1000) and cream dory (CD1000) bones. FTIR and PXRD results proved the successful synthesis of hydroxyapatite from the fish bones. SEM images revealed that the synthesized hydroxyapatite varies from 19 to 52 nm in size with a pseudo-spherical morphology. Degradation efficiency increases when catalyst dosage or irradiation time is increased. Degradation efficiencies range from 8.18% to 67.80% using MF1000 and from 20.50% to 67.90% using CD1000. Malathion obeys the first-order kinetics with a kinetic constant up to 7.0289 x 10^-3 min^-1 for 0.6 g catalyst loading. Meanwhile, malathion obeys second-order kinetics with a kinetic constant up to 1.1946 x 10^-3 L min^-1 mg^-1 for 0.6 g loading. Across all catalyst loadings, CD1000 has faster degradation kinetics compared to MF1000. The results of this study validate that the calcined fish bones are effective in removing malathion in an aqueous solution, which significantly impacts lessening the detrimental effects of pesticides in groundwater and wastewater.

Medicinal plants are used for treatment of many diseases all around the world. Besides, some medicines are expensive or not readily available.

The increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant strains of pathogen microorganisms constitutes an important and growing threat to the public health due to uncontrolled use of synthetic microbial antibiotics.

Because of the side effects and the resistance that Pathogenic microorganisms build against the common antibiotics; much recent attention has been made to extract the biologically active compounds which are isolated from plants in herbal medicine.

This study has been carried out in order to compare the effectiveness of two medicinal plants Jatropha multifida, Euphorbia hirta and their mixture on the growth inhibition of pathogenic Escherichia coli, the results showed that the ethanolic extracts of the mixture of two plant extracts showed highest inhibition of growth E. coli bacteria. When used independently Euphorbia hirta showed higher inhibition than Jatropha multifida.

Phenolic compounds are known to be toxic and inflict both severe and long‐lasting effects on both humans and animals. They act as carcinogens and cause damage to the red blood cells and the liver, even at low concentrations. These compounds are important biomedical wastes, and are classified as hazardous substances contaminating groundwater resources. Therefore, the removal of these organics compounds in order to reach the permitted levels before discharging becomes a challenging. Several processes have been developed to remove phenolic compounds from waters, including electrochemical oxidation, redox reactions, membrane separation and photocatalytic degradation. Recently, tendency of phenolic compounds removal involves adsorption and photocatalytic process, using synthetic or natural particles, such as carbon materials and clays. Actually, materials in nanometric scale play an important role in the processes previously mention due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Extensive research has been performed on these compounds resulting in the elucidation of their structure or classification, their sources of entry into the aquatic environment and their reactivity or interaction with other components of the aquatic environment. Significant efforts have been made for the total elimination of phenolic compounds from water before use. This resulted in the development of water treatment technologies including the conventional methods such as activated carbon adsorption, solvent extraction and advanced technologies such as electro Fenton method, membrane‐based separation method, photocatalysis and so on, which have all been successfully used for removal of phenolic compounds from water. Activated carbon is the most promising adsorbent material, presenting high adsorption capacity for many pollutants (dyes, metals etc.). However, the need to turn on more environmental-friendly materials leads to the use of low-cost ones derived from agricultural sources.
The aim of this work is to use environmental-friendly materials (low-cost) as adsorbents for the treatment of biomedical effluents. Potato peels (supplied as wastes from restaurants) were used to produce samples of carbon after pyrolysis. The absorption evaluation was done with a series of absorption-desorption experiments studying major parameters as the effect of pH, temperature, initial drug concentration, contact time and regeneration ability.

Cement production is one of the key industries responsible for emissions of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO₂), which influence climate change. In order to reach zero carbon cement industry, various deep decarbonization pathways involving carbon capture, storage, and utilization (CCSU), using low-carbon material and fuel, optimal process control, and waste heat utilization techniques must be implemented. As for the example of Uzbekistan, approximately 30 facilities generate more than 17 Mt of cement annually and are responsible for 11.3% of the country's total CO₂ emissions. In this study, decarbonization pathways for cement plants in Uzbekistan including CCSU, use of alternative fuels, electrification, and waste heat integration techniques are compared based on existing challenges and opportunities. The availability of alternative fuel and material resources suitable for the total production capacity, the comparison of post combustion, pre-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion CCSU methods for the cement plant, and the use of energy-efficient technologies are discussed.

When inadequate water purification and sewage disposal systems, cholera poses a significant health threat in developing nations, Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) is one of the mindful microscopic organisms associated with cholera illness. If cholera is not treated, renal failure, shock, hypokalemia, and pulmonary edema can occur, resulting in death in a matter of hours. The machinery of bacterial virulence factors is what causes this disease. Among the various V. cholerae strains, V. cholerae O1 is the most prevalent and pathogenic strain. The total genome succession of V. cholerae unravels the presence of different genes and uncharacterized proteins whose capabilities are not yet perceived. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend V. cholerae by analyzing the structure and annotating the function of uncharacterized proteins. The NCBI sequence of uncharacterized V. cholerae O1 EET91795.1 proteins has been annotated for this study. Domain family, protein solubility, ligand binding sites, and other parameters have all been determined using a variety of databases and computational tools. The protein's ligand-binding sites were found, and its three-dimensional structure was modeled. According to the analysis, the hotdog family protein may play metabolic roles like thioester hydrolysis in the metabolism of fatty acids and the breakdown of two products such as phenylacetic acid and the pollutant 4-chlorobenzoate. The structural prediction of this protein and detection of binding sites would suggest a potential target to uncover promising inhibitors against the protein to treat infection caused by the target strain.